Localization of V-ATPase subunit A. A and B show the whole body of the parasite immunostained with anti-V-ATPase subunit A antibodies (A) or control IgG (B); C, parts of food vacuoles (FV); D, small clear vesicles (SV); E, plasma membrane (PM); F, parasitophorus vacuolar membrane (PVM); G, nucleus (N) and nuclear envelope (NE); H, mitochondrion (M); Immunogold for V-ATPase subunit A selectively labeled food vacuoles (A and C), small clear vesicles (A and D), and the plasma membrane (A and E). Immunogold particles were also occasionally observed in the parasitophorus vacuolar membrane (F),
Hayashi M, Yamada H, Mitamura T, Horii T, Yamamoto A, Moriyama Y. Vacuolar H+-ATPase localized in plasma membranes of malaria parasite cells, Plasmodium falciparum, is involved in regional acidification of parasitized erythrocytes. J Biol Chem. 2000 275:34353-8.