A. IFA of early trophozoites (ring stages) with anti-ART4, anti-AQP1, and anti-CD55 antibodies. B. IFA of a ring-stage parasite with anti-ART4 and anti-N201, used as a parasitophorous vacuole marker. C. IFA of trophozoite stage parasites with visible hemozoin, stained with anti-ART4 and anti-Flotillin-1 (Pearson’s correlation coefficient: 0.56). D. IFA of invading parasites with anti-ART4 antibody and anti-AQP1 antibody. Anti-RON4 antibody was used as a marker of the moving junction. BF Bright field. Nuclei are stained with DAPI. Scale bar: 10 µm.

Olivieri A, Lee RS, Fratini F, Keutcha C, Chaand M, Mangano V, Celani F, Mochi S, Birago C, Paone S, Grasso F, Tirelli V, Falchi M, Shabani E, Bertoncini S, Sirima BS, Pizzi E, Modiano D, Duraisingh MT, Ponzi M. Structural organization of erythrocyte membrane microdomains and their relation with malaria susceptibility. Commun Biol. 2021 4(1):1375. PMID: 34880413