Expression and localization of PfARID in intraerythrocytic parasite stages (B and C) IFAs were performed on asexual (ring, trophozoite, and schizonts) and sexual stages (stage II to V gametocytes) using anti-mCherry antibody (in red) in combination with anti-PfNUP116 antibody (in green). (D) IFAs were performed on sexual stages using an a-mCherry antibody in combination with a-tubulin II (male gametocytes) or a-Pfg377 antibodies (female gametocytes). The parasite DNA was stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bar = 5 mm. Images are shown from representative experiments. Merge I, merged image for red and green channels; merge II, merged image for red and DAPI (blue) channels; GC, gametocytes.

Kumar S, Baranwal VK, Haile MT, Oualim KMZ, Abatiyow BA, Kennedy SY, Vaughan AM, Kappe SHI. PfARID Regulates P. falciparum Malaria Parasite Male Gametogenesis and Female Fertility and Is Critical for Parasite Transmission to the Mosquito Vector. mBio. 2022 31:e0057822.