Isoprenoid biosynthesis by mevalonate dependent (MVA) and non-mevalonate pathway (MEP) in a typical cell. Isoprenoids are derived from the basic 5-carbon isoprenoid building blocks IPP and its isomer, DMAPP. In the MVA pathway IPP and DMAPP are synthesized by condensation of acetyl CoA. Enzymes participating in this pathway are ACT, HMGS, HMGR, MVK, PMK, and MDS. Statins inhibit HMGR, the rate-limiting enzyme of the mevalonate pathway, and 6FMVA-PP and BPNs inhibit the other steps of the pathway. In the MEP pathway, IPP and DMAPP are generated from pyruvate and GA3P. Enzymes of this pathway are named here according to their E. coli homologs (DXS, IspC, IspD, IspE, IspF, IspG, and IspH). Ketoclomazone and Fosmidomycin inhibit the rate-limiting steps of this pathway and block isoprenoid biosynthesis.

Gupta, K.; Saggu, G.S. Isoprenoid Biosynthesis Pathway Enzymes As Promising Drug Candidates Against Malaria Parasites: An In-Silico Investigation. Preprints 2023, 2023120032. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202312.0032.