Live-cell imaging of candidate apicoplast proteins identified by BioID. Parasites expressing C-terminally GFP-tagged candidate proteins from apicoplast BioID were either untreated (apicoplast-intact) or treated with 10 μM actinonin/200 μM IPP (apicoplast-disrupted) for 3 days prior to imaging. Scale bars, 5 μm. BioID, proximity-dependent biotin identification; GFP, green fluorescent protein; IPP, isopentenyl pyrophosphate. n agreement with apicoplast localization for each of these proteins, actinonin-mediated apicoplast loss caused loss of transit peptide processing and redistribution from a branched structure to diffuse puncta.

Boucher MJ, Ghosh S, Zhang L, Lal A, Jang SW, Ju A, Zhang S, Wang X, Ralph SA, Zou J, Elias JE, Yeh E. Integrative proteomics and bioinformatic prediction enable a high-confidence apicoplast proteome in malaria parasites. PLoS Biol. 2018 16(9):e2005895.