IFA of the five transgenic parasites that showed low exported signal by live cell

imaging. Parasites were dual-stained with anti-GFP (green) and anti-SBP1 (red) antibodies Green signals in the iRBC cytoplasm colocalized with red signals of the Maurer’s cleft marker, SBP1. The signal intensities of the green color were intentionally increased to clearly show the location of the stained-dots in the iRBC cytoplasm. Scale bar = 5 μm. Detected signals in the iRBC cytoplasm in these parasites colocalized with the Maurer’s cleft marker SBP1 indicating that Ala replacement significantly reduced the export efficacy in these transgenic parasites, but the proteins were able to reach Maurer's clefts.

Chitama BA, Miyazaki S, Zhu X, Kagaya W, Yahata K, Kaneko O. Multiple charged amino acids of Plasmodium falciparum SURFIN(4.1) N-terminal region are important for efficient export to the red blood cell. Parasitol Int. 2019. pii: S1383-5769(19)30092-3.