|
|
|
|
|
Antimalarial activity of plant metabolites |
Schwikkard S, van Heerden FR. Antimalarial activity of plant metabolites. Nat Prod Rep. 2002 Dec;19(6):675-92. Review. PubMed PMID: 12521264. |
|
|
|
|
|
Family |
Species |
Compound |
IC50 (μg/ml)) |
strain |
Amaryllidaceae |
Brunsvigia littoralis |
Lycorine (5) |
0.062 |
D10 |
|
|
1,2-Di-O-acetyllycorine (6) |
1 |
D10 |
|
|
Crinamine (7) |
2.8 |
D10 |
|
Crinum amabile |
Augustine (8) |
0.18 |
W2 |
Anacardiaceae |
Rhus retinorrhoea |
7,7”-Di-O-methyltetra-hydromentoflavone (9) |
0.98 |
W2 |
|
Swintonia foxworthyi |
Methyl gallate |
2 |
W2 |
|
|
Methyl digallate |
4.6 |
W2 |
Dioncophyllaceae, |
Triphyophyllum peltatum |
Dioncophylline C (10) |
0.014 |
NF 54 |
|
|
Dioncopeltine A (11) |
0.021 |
NF 54 |
|
|
7-Epidioncophylline A (12) |
0.19 |
NF 54 |
|
|
Dioncophylline B (13) |
0.063 |
K1 |
|
|
Dioncophylline A (14) |
0.086 |
K1 |
Ancistrocladaceae |
Ancistrocladus korupensis |
Korundamine A (15) |
1.1 |
|
|
|
Korupensamine B (16) |
0.18 |
|
|
|
Yaoundamine A (17) |
2.2 |
NF 54 |
|
Triphyophyllum peltatum |
Betulinic acid |
10.46 |
NF 54 |
Annonaceae |
Duguetia hadrantha |
Sampangine (20) |
0.068 |
W2 |
|
|
3-Methoxysampagine (21) |
0.095 |
W2 |
|
Uvaria spp. |
Uvaretin (22) |
3.49 |
K1 |
|
|
3-(8,9-Dihydroxyfarnesyl)indole |
2.86 |
K1 |
Apocynaceae |
Alstonia angustifolia |
Villalstonine (23) |
0.18 |
K1 |
|
Peschiera fuchsiaefolia |
Voacamine (24) |
0.29 |
W2 |
|
Picralima nitida |
Akuammine (25) |
0.001 |
W2 |
Araceae |
Rhaphidophora decursiva |
Polysyphorin (26) |
0.368 |
W2 |
|
|
Rhaphidecurperoxin (27) |
0.42 |
W2 |
Asparagaceae |
Asparagus africanus |
Muzanzagenin (28) |
7.07 |
Dd2 |
|
|
Nyasol (29) |
3.02 |
Dd2 |
Asphodelaceae |
Kniphophia foliosa |
Knipholone (30) |
0.46 |
K1 |
|
Bulbine capitata |
Anthrone 31 |
0.16 |
K1 |
Berberidaceae |
Berberis spp. |
Berbamine (32) |
0.19 |
|
|
|
Berberine (33) |
0.32 |
K1 |
Bignoniaceae |
Kigelia pinnata |
2-(1-Hydroxyethyl)naphtha [2,3-b]furan-4,9-dione (36) |
0.152 |
K1 |
|
|
Isopinnatal (37) |
0.258 |
K1 |
Celastraceae |
Salacia kraussii |
28-nor-Isoiguesterin-17-carbaldehyde (38) |
0.094 |
K1 |
|
|
17-Methoxycarbonyl-28-nor-isoiguesterin (39) |
0.027 |
K1 |
|
|
28-Hydroxyisoiguesterin (40) |
0.114 |
K1 |
|
|
Celastrol (41) |
0.18 |
K1 |
|
Celastrus paniculatus |
Pristimerin (42) |
0.19 |
K1 |
Chenopodiaceae |
Chenopodium ambrosioides |
Isoiguesterol (43) |
0.023 |
K1 |
Clusiaceae |
Garcinia dulcis |
Garciniaxanthone (45) |
0.96 |
|
|
|
Cowanol (46) |
1.6 |
|
|
|
Cowaxanthone (47) |
1.5 |
|
|
Hypericum japonicum |
japonicin A (48) |
|
|
|
|
japonicin B (49) |
|
|
|
Hypericum calycinum |
Phloroglucinol derivative (50) |
0.88 |
K1 |
|
Vismia guineensis |
Vismione H (51) |
0.088 |
NF 54 |
Combretaceae |
Terminalia bellerica |
Termilignan (52) |
2.85 |
3D7 |
|
|
Anolignan B (53) |
5.32 |
3D7 |
Compositae |
Artemisia indica |
Exiguaflavone A (54) |
4.6 |
K1 |
|
|
Exiguaflavone B (55) |
7.05 |
K1 |
|
Artemisia abrotanum |
Isofraxidin (56) |
7.95 |
K1 |
|
|
(1S)-1-Hydroxy-α-bisabololoxide A acetate (57) |
5.09 |
K1 |
Asteraceae |
Eupatorium rufescens |
Zingiberene-3,6-β-endoperoxide (58) |
10 |
FCH-5 |
|
Senecio selloi |
Zingiberene-3,6-α-endoperoxide (59) |
10 |
FCH-5 |
|
Neurolaena lobata |
Neurolenin A (61) |
0.336 |
NF 54 |
|
|
Neurolenin B (62) |
0.263 |
NF 54 |
|
Vernonia brachycalyx |
2’-Epicycloisobrachycoumarinone epoxide (64) |
|
3D7 |
|
|
Cyclosiobrachycoumarinone epoxide (65) |
|
3D7 |
|
|
16,17-Dihydrobrachycalyxolide (66) |
13.7 |
3D7 |
Cyperaceae |
Cyperus rotundus |
α-Cyperone (68) |
5.5 |
K1 |
|
|
β-Selinene (69) autoxidised |
5.56 |
K1 |
|
|
10,12-Peroxycalamenene (70) |
|
K1 |
Dracaenaceae |
Dracaena mannii |
Spiroconazole A (71) |
0.03 |
W2 |
Ebenaceae |
Diospyros montana |
Diospyrin (72) |
|
K1 |
Euphorbiaceae |
Phyllanthus fraternus |
E,E-2,4-Octadienamide (73) |
|
3D7 |
|
|
E,Z,-2,4-Decadienamide (74) |
|
3D7 |
|
Margaritaria discoidea |
Securinine (75) |
5.4 |
K1 |
Fabaceae |
Andira inermis |
Andidermal A (76) |
3.9 |
Dd2 |
|
|
Andidermal C (77) |
6.3 |
Dd2 |
|
|
Calycosin (78) |
9.8 |
Dd2 |
|
|
Genistein (79) |
4.1 |
Dd2 |
|
Bauhinia malabarica |
Racemosol (80) |
0.9 |
K1 |
|
|
Demethylracemosol (81) |
2 |
K1 |
Hernandiaceae |
Hernandia voyronii |
Herveline A (83) |
2.13 |
FCM29 |
|
|
Herveline B (84) |
1.09 |
FCM29 |
|
|
Herveline C (85) |
1.87 |
FCM29 |
|
|
Herveline D (86) |
1.41 |
FCM29 |
|
|
Laudanosine (87) |
9.53 |
FCM29 |
|
Sparattanthelium amazonum |
Roemrefidine (88) |
0.21 |
20/87 |
Lamiaceae |
Hoslundia opposita |
3-O-Benzoylhosloppone (89) |
0.4 |
K1 |
Lauraceae |
Nectandra salicifolia |
Costaricine (90) |
0.05 |
W2 |
Malvaceae |
Gossypium spp. |
Gossypol (91) |
|
|
Meliaceae |
Azadirachta indica |
Gedunin (92) |
0.02 |
W2 |
|
Khaya senegalensis |
Fissinolide (95) |
24.5 |
3D7 |
|
|
Candicusine (96) |
0.06 |
W2 |
|
|
12-O-Methyltricordatine (97) |
0.06 |
W2 |
|
|
Cycleapeltine (98) |
0.04 |
W2 |
|
|
Cepharanthine (99) |
0.29 |
W2 |
|
|
Cycleanine (100) |
0.15 |
W2 |
|
Stephania venosa |
Dehydrodiscretine (101) |
0.01 |
|
Menispermaceae |
Stephania venosa |
Dehydrostephanine (102) |
0.04 |
|
Moraceae |
Artocarpus integer |
1",2" dehydro Stilbene 103 |
1.7 |
K1 |
|
|
2",3" dehydro Stilbene 104 |
8.2 |
K1 |
|
|
Stilbene 105 |
9.4 |
K1 |
Nepenthaceae |
Nephenthes thorelii |
Plumbagin (109) |
|
T9/94 |
Olacaceae |
Minquartia guianensis |
Minquartynoic acid (110) |
3 |
3D7 |
Periplocaceae |
Cryptolepis sanguinolenta |
Cryptolepine (111) |
0.033 |
K1 |
|
|
11-Hydroxycryptolepine (112) |
0.045 |
K1 |
|
|
Quindoline (113) |
0.087 |
K1 |
|
|
Neocryptine (114) |
0.051 |
K1 |
Ranunculaceae |
Thalictrum faberi |
Thalifasine (116) |
0.049 |
W2 |
|
Isopyrum thalictroides |
Penduline (117) |
0.01 |
W2 |
|
Cimicifuga spp. |
(26S)-O-Methylactein (118). |
0.69 |
FCR3 |
Rubiaceae |
Psychotria camponutans |
Quinone 119 |
0.84 |
K1 |
|
Morinda lucida |
Damnacanthal (120). |
9.2 |
|
|
Anthocephalus chinensi |
Cadambine (121) |
3.68 |
K1 |
|
Pogonopus tubulosus |
Tubulosine (122) |
0.011 |
INDO |
Rutaceae |
Fagara rhetza |
Hazaleamide (123) |
11.8 |
|
|
Toddalia asiatica |
Nitidine (125) |
0.045 |
K39 |
|
|
5,7-Dimethoxy-8-(3’-hydroxy-3’methyl-1’-butene)coumarin |
16.2 |
K39 |
|
|
N-Isobutyldeca-2,4-dienamide |
5.37 |
K1 |
|
|
Fagaramide (126) |
12.34 |
K1 |
Simaroubaceae |
Brucea javanica |
Bruceajavanin A (129) |
0.62 |
K1 |
|
|
Dihydrobruceajavanin A (130) |
1.42 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceacanthinoside |
|
K1 |
|
|
Bruceine A (132) |
0.011 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceine B (133) |
0.011 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceine C (134) |
0.005 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceantin (135) |
0.0008 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceantinol (136) |
0.002 |
K1 |
|
|
Dehydrobruceine A (137) |
0.046 |
K1 |
|
|
Brusatol (138) |
0.003 |
K1 |
|
|
Bruceine D (139) |
0.015 |
K1 |
|
|
Yadanziolide A (140) |
0.031 |
K1 |
|
|
Yadanzioside F (142) |
5 |
K1 |
|
|
Yadanzioside I (143) |
22.04 |
K1 |
|
Brucea sumatrana |
Bruceolide (144) |
0.451 |
K1 |
|
Eurycoma longifolia |
Quassinoid 145 |
0.21 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 146 |
1.15 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 147 |
0.11 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 148 |
0.28 |
K1 |
|
Simaba guianensis |
Gutolactone (151) |
0.004 |
W2 |
|
|
Simalikalactone D (152) |
0.0016 |
W2 |
|
Simarouba amara |
Quassinoid 153 |
0.009 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 154 |
0.008 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 155 |
0.007 |
K1 |
|
|
Quassinoid 156 |
0.004 |
K1 |
|
Simana cedron |
Cedronin (157) |
0.23 |
Fcc2 |
Solanaceae |
Saracha punctata |
Sarachine (158) |
0.07 |
INDO |
Strychnaceae |
Strychnos spp. |
Strychnobrasiline (159) |
73.08 |
|
|
|
Malagashanine (160) |
69.12 |
|
|
Strychnos usambarensis |
Dihydrousambarensine (161) |
0.01 |
K1 |
|
|
Strychnopentamine (162) |
0.09 |
K1 |
|
|
10’-Hydroxyusambarensine (163) |
0.16 |
W2 |
|
Strychnos icaja |
Strychnogucine B (164) |
0.41 |
FCA 20 |
Valerianaceae |
Nardostachys chinensis |
Nardosinone (166) |
1.13 |
|
|
|
Nardoperoxide (167) |
0.4 |
|
|
|
Diterpene peroxide 168 |
0.06 |
|
Zingiberaceae |
Reneilmia cincinnata |
Sesquiterpenoid 169 |
1.63 |
D-6 |
|
|
Sesquiterpenoid 170 |
1.64 |
D-6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|