Mutant genotypes associated with high levels of anti-folate resistance


Mutant genotypes associated with high levels of anti-folate resistance
Sridaran S, McClintock SK, Syphard LM, Herman KM, Barnwell JW, Udhayakumar V. Anti-folate drug resistance in Africa: meta-analysis of reported dihydrofolate reductase (dhfr) and dihydropteroate synthase (dhps) mutant genotype frequencies in African Plasmodium falciparum parasite populations. Malar J. 2010 9:247. PMID: 20799995
dhfr genotypes	Location	References
N51I/C59R/S108N	Asia, Africa	15734729
N51I/C59R/S108N/I164L	Asia, Africa	15734729	16779725
N51I/S108N/I164L	South America, Africa	16779725	12232841	18025120	19707564
C50R/N51I/S108N	South America	12232841
N51Y C59R S108 N I164L	NE india	29229871

dhps genotypes	Location
A437G/K540E	Africa, Asia, Indonesia	15734729	10461838	11280065
S436A/A437G	Africa	18765692	19365539
A437G/A581G	South America
A437G/K540E/A581G	Asia, South America	12232841	18025120	17283199
S436A/A437G/K540E/A581G; S436A/A437G/K540E	Asia	16048916	15189458
D404E/V453L/V453L	NE india	29229871
S436AVVK540E/K540EA581G
S436AVV498L K540E/S436AVVK540EA581G).
S436A V453L V498L K540EA

Malaria Parasite Metabolic Pathways