Synchronized PfCul2KD3D7 parasites were grown with (+TMP) or without (-TMP) trimethoprim for three cycles, beginning with equal parasitemia. C and D. Trophozoite/schizont stages during the 3rd cycle were processed for IFA using anti-α-tubulin (C) or anti-centrin (D) antibodies. The panels are for the bright field image showing parasite and RBC boundaries (DIC), nuclear stain (DAPI), α-tubulin (Tub) or centrin, and the overlap of all three images (Merged). The size scale bar is in the merged image. Rizvi Z, Reddy GS, Gorde SM, Pundir P, Das D, Sijwali PS. Plasmodium falciparum contains functional SCF and CRL4 ubiquitin E3 ligases, and CRL4 is critical for cell division and membrane integrity. PLoS Pathog. 2024 28;20(2):e1012045. PMID: 38416790