Immunofluorescence images show PfTPxGl, microtubules, ACP-GFP, PfACP and PfEMP1 trafficking in vinblastine-treated D10-ACPleader-GFP parasites. (A) PfTPxGl, microtubules, ACP-GFP, PfACP and PfEMP1 localization in solvent control parasites, (B) PfTPxGl, microtubules, ACP-GFP, PfACP and PfEMP1 localization in vinblastine treated parasites. In these experiments, targeting to the apicoplast was inhibited in 94% of the parasites with vinblastine treatment (33 parasites counted) while an arrest of PfEMP1 was observed in 97% of the parasites (134 parasites counted). Scale Bar: 10 mm.

Chaudhari R, Dey V, Narayan A, Sharma S, Patankar S. Membrane and luminal proteins reach the apicoplast by different trafficking pathways in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. PeerJ. 2017 Apr 27;5:e3128.