Localization of parasite exported proteins. A. Double-labelling of synchronous air-dried D10 (top row) and FCR3 panned on CD36 (FCR3CD36) (bottom row) with guinea pig anti-PfEMP1 antibodies (1:500) and purified rabbit anti-Pf332 IgG (1:200) revealed with a mixture of goat anti-guinea pig Alexa Fluor 488 (1:500) and Alexa Fluor 594-conjugated anti-rabbit IgG (1:1000). 332 (a Maurer’s clefts marker) and PfEMP1 were associated with the Maurer’s clefts in transit through the RBC cytoplasm. B. Labeling of PfEMP1 (1:500, green) and knobs on the PRBC surface with monoclonal anti-KAHRP (mAb89, 1:800, red), followed by anti-guinea pig Alexa Fluor 488 and anti-mouse Alexa Fluor 594. Scale bars: 5 mm. KAHRP, which interacts with the PfEMP1 ATS region, is correctly addressed to the RBC membrane.

Nacer A, Roux E, Pomel S, Scheidig-Benatar C, Sakamoto H, Lafont F, Scherf A, Mattei D. clag9 is not essential for PfEMP1 surface expression in non-cytoadherent Plasmodium falciparum parasites with a chromosome 9 deletion. PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e29039.