Magnified image of PfNMNAT localization by fluorescence microscopy using IgY antibody. Recognition of the PfNMNAT protein in the FCR3 strain of P. falciparum in the stages of rings (a), trophozoite (b) and schizonts (c, d). Primary anti-His-PfNMNAT IgY antibody (1:250); secondary anti-α-FITC IgY antibody (1:1000); nuclear staining with DAPI (1 μg/ml). The use of anti-His-PfNMNAT IgY antibodies specifically showed the protein in the cytoplasm in all three stages of the asexual life cycle (Fig. 5). These results of the immunodetection and immunolocalization of the endogenous protein confirm the localization described by O’Hara et al. where the overexpression of the GFP-coupled recombinant protein in the carboxy-terminal region shows a cytoplasmic profile as well as a possible punctuated pattern of cytoplasmic accumulation.

Nieto CA, Sánchez LM, Sánchez DM, Díaz GJ, Ramírez MH. Localization and phosphorylation of Plasmodium falciparum nicotinamide/nicotinate mononucleotide adenylyltransferase (PfNMNAT) in intraerythrocytic stages. Malar J. 2018 17(1):161.