AMR4 is an essential protein required for apicoplast biogenesis. Representative immuno-fluorescence images showing localization of the apicoplast marker ACP in +ATc and –ATc/+IPP parasites at reinvasion cycle 4 (a-ACP, anti-ACP antibody). Bars, 5 mm. During knockdown in IPP-rescued parasites, the apicoplast marker acyl-carrier protein (ACP) redistributed from a single organellar structure to diffuse puncta as previously described for apicoplast loss.

Meister TR, Tang Y, Pulkoski-Gross MJ, Yeh E. CaaX-Like Protease of Cyanobacterial Origin Is Required for Complex Plastid Biogenesis in Malaria Parasites. mBio. 2020 11(5):e01492-20.