|
|
|
|
|
| Natural products with antimalarial activity |
| Egieyeh SA, Syce J, Malan SF, Christoffels A. Prioritization of anti-malarial hits from nature: chemo-informatic profiling of natural products with in vitro antiplasmodial activities and currently registered anti-malarial drugs. Malar J. 2016 15:50. PMID: 26823078; |
| NAME |
IC50(uM) |
PLANTS SOURCE |
CHEMICAL CLASS |
TOXICITY and SPECIAL NOTES |
| nostocarboline |
|
cyanobacterium Nostoc 78-12A. |
Peptides |
very weak cytotoxicity (>100), 600 fold selectivity of Plasmodium over rat myoblast L6 cells |
| Caesalpinins ME(150) |
3.6 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| rel-(2S,5R,6R,8S,9S,10R,18S,19R)-18,19-diacetoxy-18,19-epoxy-6-methoxy-2-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)cleroda-3,13(16),14-triene (146) |
6 |
bark of Casearia grewiifolia Vent. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| casamembrol A (137) |
0.57 |
Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| laetiaprocerine A(138) |
0.58 |
Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
selectivity index of 6.8 |
| Garcinane (209) |
3 |
roots of Garcinia polyantha Oliv |
Triterpene |
|
| Chryslandicin (92) |
1 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| 12,15-dihydroxylabda-8 (17),13-dien-19-oic acid (134) |
4.6 |
dried fruits of Juniperus seravschanica Komarov (Cupressaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| helenalin-[2-(1-hydroxyethyl)acrylate] (109) |
1 |
leaves of Vernoniopsis caudate (Drake) Humbert (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
cytotoxicity on KB cells (IC50 < 1 mM) |
| Caesalpinins MF(151) |
4.1 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Caesalpinins MA (149) |
3.5 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins C (159) |
0.76 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Caesalpinins MJ(155) |
1.9 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins E (171) |
0.09 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins N (165) |
0.12 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| bonducellpins C (180) |
0.12 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Caesalpinins MG(152) |
2.5 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| 7-acetoxybonducellpin C (181) |
0.6 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Natantimal_2_191 |
3.1 |
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
low degree of specificity towards the malaria parasite |
| 10,11-Epidioxy-1,3,5-cadinatriene |
|
Constit. of Cyperus rotundus (nutgrass) |
|
|
| laetiaprocerine B(139) |
4.44 |
Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
|
|
|
Chalcones |
|
| 2-β-D-glycopyrasyloxy-1-hydroxytrideca-3,5,7,9,11-pentayne (289) |
|
Bidens pilosa (Compositae). |
Acetylenes |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_112 |
0.96 |
W. indica |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_111 |
|
O. kirkii |
Flavonoids |
selectivity was quite low |
| Naucleaorine (277) |
8 |
Nauclea orientalis (L.) |
Alkaloid |
|
| 8a-tigloyloxy-hirsutinolide-13-O-acetate (115) |
3.9 |
Vernonia cinerea Less. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| 8a-(4-hydroxy-ethacryloyloxy)-hirsutinolide-13-O-acetate (116) |
3.7 |
Vernonia cinerea Less. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_27 |
|
Machaerium multiflorum (Fabaceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Ent-18-E-Caffeoyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (69) |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Ent-15-E-Caffeoyloxy-8(17)-labden-18-oic acid (70) |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 85 |
2.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 86 |
3.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 87 |
4.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 281 |
0.3 |
sponge Plakortis halichondrioides (Plakinidae). |
Endoperoxides |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 282 |
3 |
sponge Plakortis halichondrioides (Plakinidae). |
Endoperoxides |
|
| (13S)-Ent-7β-Hydroxy-3-cleroden-15-oic acid (64): |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Ent-7β Hydroxy-2-oxo-3-cleroden-15-oic acid (65): |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_10 |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius (Asteraceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Caesalpinins ML(156) |
0.65 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Natantimal_5_144 |
|
Pedilanthus tithymaloides |
Terpenes |
|
| 7,20-Diisocyanoadociane |
|
Adocia sp., Great Barrier reef, Cymbastela hooperi |
|
|
| Natantimal_3_30 |
11 |
Croton steenkampianus |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroid 93 |
23.5 to 54.8 μM |
sponge Callyspongia fibrosa (Callyspongiidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| berkleasmins A_6_10 |
6 |
saprobic fungus Berkleasminum nigroapicale |
Terpenes |
|
| laetiaprocerine C(140) |
4.66 |
Laetia procera (Poepp.) Eichler (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| LT1 (244) 1-O-(30S)-hydroxybutanoyllycorin |
1.6 |
bulbs of Lycoris traubii Hayward (Amaryllidaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 188 |
4.5 |
Monanchora arbuscula and Clathria calla |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 189 |
4.5 |
Monanchora arbuscula and Clathria calla |
Alkaloid |
|
| isocochlioquinone A (94) |
|
fungus Drechslera dematioidea |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroidal peroxides 94 |
6.28 |
Ciocalapata sp. (Halichondriidae) |
Terpenes |
cytotoxicity against human cells in a breast cancer; very little toxicity against human fibroblasts |
| Natantimal_6_ 133 |
8.7 |
Momordica balsamina (Curcubitaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| northalfoetidine (44) |
|
Thalictrum flavum (Ranunculaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 194 |
4.5 |
Monanchora arbuscula and Clathria calla |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 193 |
4.5 |
Monanchora arbuscula and Clathria calla |
Alkaloid |
|
| 20-epibryonolic acid (218) |
3.7 |
Cogniauxia podolaena Baill. (Cucurbitaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| 13a-epi-dioxiabiet-8(14)-en-18-ol (188) |
0.344 |
Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit. (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| 12a-epimillettosin (20) |
22 |
Millettia usaramensis |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 198 |
12.4 |
marine sponge species Amphimedon |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 249 |
8.4 |
Diospyros sanza-minika (Ebenaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 250 |
1.3 |
Diospyros sanza-minika (Ebenaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 251 |
11.3 |
Diospyros sanza-minika (Ebenaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| (R)-1,2-dihydroxytrideca-3,5,7,9,11-pentayne (288) |
1.8 |
Bidens pilosa (Compositae). |
Acetylenes |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_113 |
1 |
W. indica |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_3_9 |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius (Asteraceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| joziknipholones A (89) |
0.164 |
Bulbine frutescens Willd. (Asphodelaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| joziknipholones B (90) |
0.27 |
Bulbine frutescens Willd. (Asphodelaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| magnolamine (261) |
1.28 |
leaves of Michelia figo (Lour.) Sprenge (Magnioliaceae). |
Alkaloid |
|
| Biflavanone (30) |
0.157 |
80% ethanol extract from the outer barkof Ochna integerrima Lour. (Merr.) (Ochnaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| betulinic acid 3-caffeate (206) |
0.98 |
Diospyros quaesita Thwaite |
Triterpene |
epidermoid (KB) cancer cell line revealed cytotoxicity at an IC50 of 4.0 mM |
| Ent-2,7-Dioxo-3-cleroden-15-oic acid (66): |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_37 |
25.2 |
Croton steenkampianus |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_26 |
|
Machaerium multiflorum (Fabaceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Hop-17(21)-en-6R,12-diol (143) |
|
fungus Aschersonia paraphysata |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 196 |
16.3 |
marine sponge species Amphimedon |
Alkaloid |
|
| rel-(2S,5R,6R,8S,9S,10R,18S,19R)-18,19-diacetoxy-18,19-epoxy-6-hydroxy-2-(2-methylbutanoyloxy)cleroda-3,13(16),14-triene (147) |
6 |
bark of Casearia grewiifolia Vent. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| dimethylisoborreverine (168) |
0.02 |
Flindersia ambionensis |
Alkaloid |
trophozoite-stage parasites were more susceptible to this drug Trophozoites treated with this showed changes in food vacuole morphology. Reduction of hemozoin formation that does not appear to be inhibited via the direct binding of heme. |
| Natantimal_6_ 190 |
4.5 |
Monanchora arbuscula and Clathria calla |
Alkaloid |
|
| Methyl uguenesonate (88) |
|
Vepris uguenensis |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 343 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| 12S,16S/R-dihydroxy-ent-labda-7,13-dien-15,16-olide (135) |
7.2 |
Vitex rehmannii Gurke (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
cytotoxic properties |
| Natantimal_3_36 |
67.3 |
Croton steenkampianus |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_38 |
7.5 |
Croton steenkampianus |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 84 |
1.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Ent-18-E-Caffeoyloxy-7β-hydroxy-3-cleroden-15-oic acid (67) |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| matopensine-type N-oxide (53) |
|
Acanthostrongylophora sponge |
Alkaloid |
|
| wedelolides B(114) |
9.1 |
leaves of Wedelia trilobata Hitchc |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 176 |
4 |
Doryphora sassafras (Monimiaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Alstoumerine |
13.1 |
Alstonia macrophylla (Stbk, Rtbk) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_10_ aurones_9 |
0.03 |
Kayser et al |
Flavonoids |
selectivity indices of >100 |
| Natantimal_10_ aurones_10 |
0.007 |
Kayser et al |
Flavonoids |
selectivity indices of >500 |
| 9α-acetoxy-15-hydroxy-8β-(2-methylbutyryloxy)-14-oxo- 4,5-trans-acanthospermolide), 131 |
2.23 |
Acanthospermum hispidum harvested in Benin Republic |
Terpenes |
showed a high selectivity index (SI: 18.4) |
| Natantimal_6_ 136 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 88 |
5.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 89 |
6.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 16-Oxolabda-8(17),12(E)-dien-15-oic acid (75) |
|
seeds of Turreanthus africanus (Meliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 3b-hydroxy-lupenal (202) |
7.2 |
leaves of Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Triterpene |
|
| 3-oxolupenal (201) |
3.6 |
leaves of Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Triterpene |
|
| methyl-14,15-epoxylabda-8(17),12(E)-Diene-16-oate (76) |
|
seeds of Turreanthus africanus (Meliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 179 |
15.5 |
Clausena harmandiana (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 180 |
12.2 |
Clausena harmandiana (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| andinermals C_38 |
17.9 |
Andira inermis |
Flavonoids |
|
| urospermal A-15-O-acetate (136) |
|
Dicoma tomentosa (Asteraceae) from Burkina Faso |
Terpenes |
cytotoxic compound (SI = 3.3). |
| 15-acetoxy-8β-[(2-methylbutyryloxy)]-14-oxo-4,5-cis-acanthospermolide), 130 |
2.9 |
Acanthospermum hispidum harvested in Benin Republic |
Terpenes |
|
| Turraeanin A (77) |
|
seeds of Turreanthus africanus (Meliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_181 |
7 |
Piper heterophyllum and P. aduncum |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 138 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| sesquiterpene lactones 103 |
|
Camchaya calcarea |
Terpenes |
|
| helenalin-[2-hydroxyethyl-3-methyl)acrylate] (110) |
0.19 |
leaves of Vernoniopsis caudate (Drake) Humbert (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
cytotoxicity on KB cells (IC50 < 1 mM) |
| 11a,13-dihydrohelenalin-[2-(1-hydroxyethyl)acrylate] (111) |
0.41 |
leaves of Vernoniopsis caudate (Drake) Humbert (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
cytotoxicity on KB cells (IC50 < 1 mM) |
| Natantimal_6_ 355 |
5.1 |
fungus Emericella rugulosa. |
Others |
cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines |
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_25 |
|
Machaerium multiflorum (Fabaceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Harunganol A (101) |
3.7 |
root bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. (Clusiaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| pestalactams B (216) |
25 |
endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis sp |
Alkaloid |
|
| Chalcones (39) |
9.5 |
Polygonum senegalense Meisn. (Polygonaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Prenylflavanone (79) |
|
Erythrina fusca |
Flavonoids |
|
| 10-(chrysophanol-70-yl)-10-(x)-hydroxychrysophanol-9-anthrone (91) |
0.5 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| aporphine-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids 39 |
|
roots of Thalictrum faberi |
Alkaloid |
|
| aporphine-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids 38 |
|
roots of Thalictrum faberi |
Alkaloid |
|
| aporphine-benzylisoquinoline alkaloids 37 |
|
roots of Thalictrum faberi |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_10_ Alkaloids_9 |
2.6 |
Swinglea glutinosa (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_86 |
|
Artocarpus rigidus |
Flavonoids |
|
| (13S)-Ent-18-E-Coumaroyloxy-8(17)-labden-15-oic acid (68) |
|
Nuxia sphaerocephala |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_155 |
12.7 |
Piper glabratum and P. acutifolium |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_10_ isoflavonoid_15 |
22.5 |
Erythrina sacleuxii |
Flavonoids |
|
| 5,7,3’,4’-tetramethoxyflavone (50) |
|
Kaempferia parviflora (Zingiberaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_10_ Alkaloids_8 |
0.3 |
Swinglea glutinosa (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_2_189 |
4.6 |
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
low degree of specificity towards the malaria parasite |
| 7,8b,9b,14a,15b-pentaacetoxy-3b-benzoyloxy-1a,5b-dihydroxyjatropha-6(7),12-diene (198) |
6 |
Latex of Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| 1a,7,8b,9b,14a,15b-hexaacetoxy-3b-benzoyloxy-5b-hydroxyjatropha-6(7),12-diene (199) |
5.8 |
Latex of Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| 1a,8b,9b,14a,15b-pentaacetoxy-3b-benzoyloxy-7-oxojatropha-5,12-diene (197) |
4.9 |
Latex of Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| 1a,13b,14atrihydroxy-3b,7b-dibenzoyloxy-9b,15b-diacetoxyjatropha-5,11 E-diene (196) |
5.9 |
Latex of Pedilanthus tithymaloides (L.) Poit. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroid 92 |
22.5 to 54.8 μM |
sponge Callyspongia fibrosa (Callyspongiidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_5_118 |
|
fungus Stachybotrys nephrospora |
Terpenes |
not toxic in Vero cell line |
| 2-acetoxy-3-deacetoxycaesaldekarin E (177) |
0.098 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| 13α-epi-dioxiabiet-8(14)-en-18-ol (120) |
|
leaves of Hyptis suaveolens |
Terpenes |
|
| caesalpinins P (166) |
1.7 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins MC (157) |
3.1 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins F (162) |
0.65 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| bonducellpins B (179) |
0.24 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins F (172) |
0.14 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins J(163) |
1 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| 1-deacetoxy-1-oxocaesalmin C (182) |
2.9 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins MD(158) |
1 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins K (164) |
0.4 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| natantimal_2_Steroid_232 |
7.4 |
Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br. |
Steriods |
|
| natantimal_2_Steroid_236 |
7.5 |
Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br. |
Steriods |
|
| natantimal_2_Steroid_235 |
5.7 |
Caralluma tuberculata N.E.Br. |
Steriods |
|
| Caesalpinins MI(154) |
2.1 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| (1S,5S,9S,10S,11R,13R)-1,11-dihydroxy-pimara-8(14),15-diene (148) |
10.5 |
Kaempferia marginata |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins D (160) |
0.8 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalpinins E (161) |
6.5 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroid 90 |
20.5 to 54.8 μM |
sponge Callyspongia fibrosa (Callyspongiidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 2-acetoxycaesaldekarin E (176) |
6.5 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroid 91 |
21.5 to 54.8 μM |
sponge Callyspongia fibrosa (Callyspongiidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 130 |
4 |
Momordica balsamina (Curcubitaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 269 |
1.1 |
South Pacific marine sponges of the genus Xestospongia (Petrosiidae) |
Quinones |
farnesyltransferase inhibitor |
| domesticulide C (222) |
4.1 |
Lansium domesticum Correa (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Caesalpinins MH(153) |
7 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Sodium 4'-O-demethylknipholone 6'-O-sulfate (88) |
7.9 |
Bulbine frutescens Willd. (Asphodelaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| cochinchinone C (52) |
6.3 |
roots of Cratoxylum cochinchinense Blume (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
|
| artonin F |
4.8 |
Artocarpus rigidus Blume |
Flavonoids |
|
| Dictyochromenol (75) |
9.58 |
Piper tricuspe C.DC. (Piperaceae) |
Phenolics |
selectivity index suggests their high toxicity |
| Natantimal_5_139 |
|
Caribbean gorgonian octocoral Eunicea sp. |
Terpenes |
|
| wedelolides A (113) |
4.2 |
leaves of Wedelia trilobata Hitchc |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| 11-Methoxyakuammicine |
41.3 |
Alstonia angustifolia (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| cucurbitacin D (170) |
4 |
Cogniauxia podolaena (Cucurbitaceae) is traditionally used in Congo Brazzaville |
Terpenes |
High cytotoxicity |
| trichirubine B (176) |
|
T. rubescens |
Limonoids |
|
| trichirubine A (175) |
|
T. rubescens |
Limonoids |
|
| 11(13)-dehydroivaxillin (17) |
|
EtOAc extracts of Carpesium cernuum |
Terpenes |
|
| Ceramicine B (89) |
0.56 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Terpenes |
|
| dehydrobrachylaenolide (138) |
1.865 |
Dicoma anomala subsp. gerrardii from the Brits region of North West Province of South Africa |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 270 |
3.9 |
South Pacific marine sponges of the genus Xestospongia (Petrosiidae) |
Quinones |
farnesyltransferase inhibitor |
| ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid (67) |
|
Schefflera umbellifera (Araliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_5_125 |
|
Parinari capensis |
Terpenes |
High toxicity profiles |
| Natantimal_5_124 |
|
Parinari capensis |
Terpenes |
High toxicity profiles |
| Natantimal_5_126 |
|
Parinari capensis |
Terpenes |
High toxicity profiles |
| methyl 6-acetoxyangolensate (223) |
7.2 |
Lansium domesticum Correa (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Na-methylepipachysamine D (283) |
10.3 |
Sarcococca hookeriana Baill. (Buxaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_10_ Alkaloids_78 |
|
aerial part and bulbs of Lycoris traubii (Amaryllidaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_10_ Alkaloids_83 |
|
aerial part and bulbs of Lycoris traubii (Amaryllidaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Neurolenin D |
0.62 |
Neurolaena lobata (Wp) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Neurolenin C |
0.62 |
Neurolaena lobata (Wp) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Neurolenin A |
0.92 |
Neurolaena lobata (Wp) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Natantimal_8_ 82 |
|
Marine microorganism Streptomyces sp. H668 |
|
|
| 2a,3b-dihydroxy-olean-12-en-28-oic acid (120) |
21.1 |
Grewia bilamellata |
Terpenes |
|
| 2 ,3 ,19 -Trihydroxy-urs-12-20-en-28-oic acid (168) |
|
Kigelia africana (Bignoniaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 3a,23-dihydroxyurs-12-en-28-oic acid (215) |
12.7 |
Nauclea orientalis (L.) |
Triterpene |
|
| Decarestrictine C1 |
|
Penicillium corylophilum and Penicillium simplicissimum |
|
|
| Korupensamine B |
|
Ancistrocladus korupensis |
|
|
| Korupensamine E |
|
Ancistrocladus korupensis |
|
|
| Astibilin |
23.31 |
Andira inermis |
Flavonoids |
|
| 6-Hydroxyluteolin-7-O-(100 -a-rhamnoside) (161) |
2.13 |
Vriesea sanguinolenta |
Flavonoids |
flavonoids are shown to inhibit the influx of L-glutamine and myoinositol into infected erythrocytes. |
| Natantimal_6_ 258 |
1.4 |
Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
cytotoxicity toward the NC1-H187 cancer cell |
| Natantimal_3_82 |
17 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 346 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 347 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 76 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 80 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 75 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 78 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| 3β-hydroxylupenal (3β-hydroxylup-20(29)-en-30-al) (157) |
|
leaves of Nuxia sphaerocephala (Loganiaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 79 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Garciniaxanthone (56) |
3 |
Garcinia polyantha |
Xanthones |
|
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 74 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 77 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Glinoside A |
|
Glinus oppositifolius (Ap) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| glinoside A (108) |
|
Glinus oppositifolius |
Terpenes |
|
| alisiaquinones B_53 |
|
New Caledonian deep-water sponge |
Xanthones |
Inhibit Pfnek-1 and a protein farnesyl transferase (PFT) |
| alisiaquinones C_54 |
0.9 |
New Caledonian deep-water sponge |
Xanthones |
Inhibit Pfnek-1 and a protein farnesyl transferase (PFT). relatively high level of toxicity in-vivo. |
| Alisiaquinone C (25) |
|
New Caledonian deep water sponge |
Quinones |
displayed micromolar range activity on two enzymatic targets of importance for the control of malaria, the plasmodial kinase Pfnek-1 and a protein farnesyl transferase |
| alisiaquinones A_52 |
|
New Caledonian deep-water sponge |
Xanthones |
Inhibit Pfnek-1 and a protein farnesyl transferase (PFT). relatively high level of toxicity in vivo. |
| Tetranorditerpenoid dilactones 81 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| Ceramicine B |
0.6 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Limonoids |
|
| Depudecin |
|
Alternaria brassicicola, Xylaria spp., Nimbya scirpicola |
|
|
| garcihombronane D (141) |
7.7 |
Garcinia cymosa (Clusiaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Ineupatorolide A |
0.019 |
Carpesium rosulatum (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene lactones |
Showed good in vivo activity. |
| ineupatorolide A (127) |
0.019 |
whole plants of Carpesium rosulatum Miq |
Sesquiterpene |
potential antimalarial activity in vivo exhibited a significant blood schizontocidal activity |
| Natantimal_5_266 |
|
marine Streptomyces sp. strain H668 |
|
did not show cytotoxicity at 4.75 lg/mL. alteration of normal membrane permeability to cationic sp. putative mechanism of action for these polyethers is via transfer of ions through the membrane. |
| Natantimal_3_191 |
0.32 |
Holostylis reniformis |
Lignan |
low toxicity for these lignans in a hepatic cell line (Hep G2A16). |
| Natantimal_10_ 34 |
12 |
Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae) |
Lignan |
a β-ketoacyl-ACP-reductase. |
| endodesmiadiol (51) |
15 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| hirsutinolides 259 |
|
Vernonia staehelinoides |
Others |
|
| Isonitrile diterpenes 69 |
1 |
sponge Ciocalapata sp. (Halichondriidae). |
|
|
| hirsutinolides 260 |
|
Vernonia staehelinoides |
|
|
| 8a-(2-methylacryloyloxy)-3-oxo-1-desoxy-1,2-dehydrohirsutinolide-13-O-acetate(118) |
4.5 |
leaves of Vernonia staehelinoidesMart. ex Baker (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
cytotoxic to mammalian Chinese Hamster Ovarian cells at similar concentrations. |
| Natantimal_6_ 72 |
1.5 |
tropical marine sponge Cymbastela hooperi (Axinellidae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 73 |
41 |
tropical marine sponge Cymbastela hooperi (Axinellidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Terpenoid benzoquinones and analogues 83 |
0.8uM-13.9uM |
Cordia globifera (Boraginaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Isonitrile diterpenes 70 |
1 |
sponge Ciocalapata sp. (Halichondriidae). |
|
|
| sarachine (219) |
0.025 |
Saracha punctata |
Others |
|
| Aberrarone A (47) |
30.3 |
Caribbean sea whip Pseudopterogorgia elisabethae (Gorgoniidae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 5'-O-demethylhamatine (270) |
2.5 |
roots of a recently discovered Ancistrocladus taxon |
Alkaloid |
|
| caffeic acid ester derivatives (8) |
|
Phlomis brunneogaleata (Lamiaceae) |
Coumarins |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 175 |
3 |
Doryphora sassafras (Monimiaceae) |
Alkaloid |
showed no activity at 120 μM |
| 11-hydroxycryptolepine (56) |
|
Cryptolepis sanguinolenta harvested from Guinea-Bissau |
Alkaloid |
|
| Sanguinarine (48) |
|
Argemone mexicana (Papaveraceae) is widely used in Sudanese traditional medicine |
Alkaloid |
|
| Isoneocryptolepine |
0.2 |
Cryptolepine sanguinolenta |
indoloquinolines |
|
| fagaronine (14) |
|
Fagara zanthoxyloides (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Nitidine (39) |
|
Toddalia asiatica |
Alkaloid |
High cytotoxicity. |
| abieta-7,13-diene (194) |
7.4 |
Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl. (Cupressaceae) berries |
Diterpenes |
|
| 2,3,22,23-Tetrahydroxy-2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-6,10,14,18-tetracosatetraene (3R,22R) (200) |
7 |
stem bark of Ekebergia capensis Sparrm |
Triterpene |
|
| Natantimal_5_121 |
7 |
Ekebergia capensis |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 155 |
23.7 |
Ormocarpum kirkii (Papilionaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| sesquiterpene lactones 104 |
|
Camchaya calcarea |
Terpenes |
|
| 5-epi-isocentratherin (126) |
8 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Anolignan B |
20.5 |
Terminalia bellerica (Ft rind) |
Lignans |
|
| hydroxyvernolide (124) |
|
Vernonia sp. |
Terpenes |
|
| Coronarin B (74) |
26 |
fruits and leaves of Aframomum latifolium or Aframomum sceptrum (Zingiberaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| (+)-Nyasol |
12 |
Asparagus africanus (Rt) |
Lignans |
|
| 20-epi-Antirhine |
7.51 |
Alstonia macrophylla (Stbk, Rtbk) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Vernodalin |
1.4 |
Carpesium rosulatum (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene lactones |
selectivity indices of 2.79 |
| vernodalin (135) |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius |
Terpenes |
|
| swertiamarin (28) |
44 |
Fagraea fragrans (Gentianaceae) collected in Cambodia, Enicostemma littorale (Gentianaceae) |
Terpenes |
in vitro in a schizont maturation inhibition |
| Gentiopicroside |
|
Widespread in the Gentianaceae, e.g. Swertia and Gentiana spp. |
|
|
| gentiopicroside (26) |
220 |
Fagraea fragrans (Gentianaceae) collected in Cambodia |
Terpenes |
|
| sweroside (27) |
221 |
Fagraea fragrans (Gentianaceae) collected in Cambodia |
Terpenes |
|
| allicin (251) |
|
|
Others |
inhibited CSP processing and prevented sporozoite invasion of host cells in vitro. cysteine protease inhibitor |
|
#REF! |
|
Triterpenoids |
|
| Caryophyllene-16-α-oxide |
0.345 |
Cyperus rotundus (T) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| 153_sesquiterpenes |
|
Achillea millefolium |
Sesquiterpenes |
|
| Ancistrobertsonine A |
15.9 |
Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum (St, L) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Sitosterol 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside sterol |
|
Dacryoedes edulis (Burseraceae) |
|
|
| 2-acetyl-7,8-dimethoxy-naphtho-[2,3b]-furan-4,9-dione |
2.96 |
|
Quinones |
|
| 2-acetyl-7-hydroxi-8-methoxy-naphtho-[2,3b]-furan-4,9-dione |
11.8 |
|
Quinones |
|
| 1þ-Hydroperoxyisobilin_150 |
|
Achillea millefolium |
Sesquiterpenes |
|
| myricetin |
57.3 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| (E)-oroidin (9)_8 |
|
Agelas oroides |
Peptides |
potent enzyme PfFabI inhibitor, 0.77uM |
| Girolline (81) |
0.215 |
Cymbastela cantharella |
Alkaloid |
involves inhibition of parasitic protein synthesis |
| dispacamide B (220) |
3.3 |
sponges in the genera Axinella (Axinellidae) and Agelas (Agelasidae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_3_128 |
23.8 |
Arrabidaea patellifera |
Flavonoids |
|
| ellagic acid |
|
Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) |
Tannins |
|
| Ellagic acid (228) |
0.5 |
Tristaniopsis species |
Others |
|
| Quercetin |
|
Dacryoedes edulis (Burseraceae) |
|
Cytotoxicity, >100ug/ml; selectivity index, >17 |
| isoquercitrin |
0.0023 |
Hydrangeae dulcis folium |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_5_167_gossypitrin |
|
Phlomis brunneogaleata |
Flavonoids |
inhibit FabI enzyme |
| fisetin |
8.2 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| luteolin (141) |
11 |
Dietary products |
Flavonoids |
|
| homogentisic acid (354) |
12 |
marine sponge Pseudoceratina sp. (Pseudoceratinidae) |
Others |
inhibited a specific protein kinase of P. falciparum (Pfnek-1), 1.8uM |
| morin |
110.4 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_5_171 |
|
Ochna integerrima |
Flavonoids |
|
| isoliquiritigenin |
7.8 |
Dalbergia louvelli |
Chalcones |
|
| piceid |
13.2 |
Leaves Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planch. (Vitaceae) |
Stilbenes |
|
| apigenin |
17.4 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Cupressusflavone |
30 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Amentoflavone |
50.7 |
Allanblackia montocola, Celaenodendron mexicanum |
Flavonoids |
|
| Lanaroflavone |
0.48 |
Campnosperma panamensis |
|
|
| Lanaroflavone |
0.48 |
Campnosperma panamensis |
Flavonoids |
high selectivity index value (SI = 159), |
| daidzein |
103.7 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Genistein |
2 |
|
|
|
| genistein (164) |
|
Andira inermis |
Flavonoids |
|
| morelloflavone (56) |
17 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| volkensiflavone (57) |
15 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| (+)- volkensiflavone |
48 |
Garcinia Livingstonei |
Flavonoids |
|
| isochamaejasmin (159) |
7.3 |
Ormocarpum kirkii (Papilionaceae) |
Flavonoids |
selectivity was rather limited |
| Natantimal_6_ 246 |
0.7uM-27um |
Flacourtia indica (Flacourtiaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| galangin |
39.4 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Chrysin |
29.8 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| 5-hydroxy-flavone |
65.9 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| 7-hydroxyflavone |
65.5 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 242 |
1 |
Jacaranda glabra (Bignoniaceae) |
Phenolics |
Low cytotoxicity toward L-6 cells |
| Natantimal_6_ 244 |
0.8 |
Jacaranda glabra (Bignoniaceae) |
Phenolics |
Low cytotoxicity toward L-6 cells |
| Natantimal_6_ 243 |
0.8 |
Jacaranda glabra (Bignoniaceae) |
Phenolics |
Low cytotoxicity toward L-6 cells |
| Natantimal_6_ 241 |
1.5 |
Jacaranda glabra (Bignoniaceae) |
Phenolics |
high cytotoxicity toward L-6 cells |
| malabaricone A (360) |
8.6 |
Knema glauca (Myristicaceae). |
Alkaloid |
|
| Violacein (174) |
1 |
Flindersia ambionensis |
Alkaloid |
|
| L-tryptophan |
81.3 |
Scrophularia cryptophila |
Others |
|
| Quindoline |
229 |
Cryptolepis sanguinolenta (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| coumarin (1) |
|
Amburana cearensis (Fabaceae) |
Coumarins |
|
| dihydrorutaecarpine (280) |
3.4 |
Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Bruceacanthinoside |
25 |
Brucea javanica (St) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Sampangine |
|
|
Alkaloid |
|
| Aloe-emodin (14) |
|
Stephania dinklagei |
Quinones |
|
| 1,7-Dihydroxyxanthone (Euxanthone) |
|
Garcinia dulcis (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| 8-epi-Xanthin |
|
Xanthium strumarium (Ap) |
Purine |
|
| (-) epigallocatechin gallate |
0.079 |
Green tea extracts |
Flavonoids |
inhibit PfENR reversibly. potentiated the binding of triclosan with PfENR. inhibitor of Enoyl-ACP reductase (=FabI) |
| (+)-catechin 3-gallate |
1 |
Piptadenia pervillei Vatke (Fabaceae) |
Flavonoids |
significant cytotoxicity against the human embryonic lung cells MRC-5 was measured (IC50 values >0.75uM) |
| 1-O-galloyl-6-O-luteoyl-a-D-glucose (232) |
|
Phyllanthus niruri |
Others |
|
| Selaginella bryopteris_107 |
0.3 |
Selaginella bryopteris |
|
|
| Selaginella bryopteris_109 |
0.26 |
Selaginella bryopteris |
|
|
| naringenin |
141 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| psychorubrin |
|
Psychotria camponutans and Psychotria rubra |
|
|
| punicalin |
|
Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) |
Tannins |
|
| (+)-Maackiain |
|
Isol. from Dalbergia oliveri, Derris elliptica, Swartzia madagascarensis, Trifolium repens , Trifolium hybridum , Dalbergia sericea, Artemisia indica |
|
|
| punicalagin (73) |
8.8 |
Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) |
Tannins |
|
| cryptobeilic acid C (151) |
12 |
Beilschmiedia cryptocaryoides (Lauraceae) collected from Madagascar |
Terpenes |
|
| tsangibeilin B (153) |
14 |
Beilschmiedia cryptocaryoides (Lauraceae) collected from Madagascar |
Terpenes |
|
| (+)-catechin 5-gallate |
1.2 |
Piptadenia pervillei Vatke (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Febrifugine |
0.0000007 |
|
Alkaloid |
|
| Ancistrobertsonine D |
4.8 |
Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum (St, L) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Ancistrobertsonine B |
9 |
Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum (St, L) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Ancistrobertsonine C |
4.5 |
Ancistrocladus robertsoniorum (St, L) |
Alkaloid |
|
| 7-Hydroxy-3′-4′-(methylenedioxy) flavan |
50 |
Terminalia bellerica (Ft rind) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Endothall (263) |
7.8 |
Synthetics |
|
|
| Isofebrifugine |
0.0000034 |
|
Alkaloid |
|
| tetralin 38 |
19.25 |
Larrea tridentata |
Lignan |
|
| 1-Hydroxybenzoisochroman |
|
|
Quinones |
|
|
|
|
Quinones |
|
| 2-acetyl-naphtho-[2,3b]-furan-4,9-dione |
0.002 |
|
Quinones |
|
| Aplidiopsamine A |
|
Alkaloid from Aplidiopsis confluata |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 195_zamamidine C |
9.6 |
marine sponge species Amphimedon |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 197_zamamidine A |
0.8 |
marine sponge species Amphimedon |
Alkaloid |
|
| Securinine |
|
|
Piperidines |
|
| manzamine Y |
|
Acanthostrongylophora sponge |
Alkaloid |
|
| 8-hydroxymanzamine A |
|
Acanthostrongylophora sponge |
Alkaloid |
|
| (+)-8-hydroxymanzamine A (200) |
0.047 |
Acanthostrongylophora ingens |
Alkaloid |
|
| manzamine A (199) |
1.8 |
marine sponge species Amphimedon |
Alkaloid |
|
| (+)-manzamine A hydrochloride (202) |
0.0125 |
Acanthostrongylophora ingens |
Alkaloid |
|
| β-carboline (+)-7-bromotrypargine (217) |
5.4 |
Marine sponge Ancorina sp. (Ancorinidae). |
Alkaloid |
not cytotoxic toward the HEK293 cell line at up to 80 μM |
| discorhabdins C (211) |
2 |
deep-water Alaskan sponge species of the genus Latrunculia (Latrunculiidae) |
Alkaloid |
toxicity in vivo |
| dihydrodiscorhabdin C |
0.13 |
deep-water Alaskan sponge species of the genus Latrunculia (Latrunculiidae) |
Alkaloid |
toxicity in vivo |
| discorhabdins A (210) |
0.053 |
deep-water Alaskan sponge species of the genus Latrunculia (Latrunculiidae) |
Alkaloid |
toxicity in vivo |
| Strychnogucine B |
0.085 |
Strychnos icaja |
Alkaloid |
Active against CQ resistant strain |
| (–)-Lycorine |
|
Brunsvigia littoralis (B) |
Alkaloid |
|
| spongiacidin B (224) |
3.4 |
sponges in the genera Axinella (Axinellidae) and Agelas (Agelasidae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| (+)-7-bromotrypargine |
|
Alkaloid from an Australian sponge Ancorina sp |
Alkaloid |
|
| (–)-Anonaine |
|
Stephania pierrei (T) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_5_168 |
|
Scrophularia lepidota |
Flavonoids |
inhibit FabI enzyme |
| liriodenine (13) |
2.37 |
Glossocalyx brevipes (Siparunaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| 1-phenyl-hepta-1,3,5-triyne (287) |
37.2 |
Bidens pilosa (Compositae). |
Acetylenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 335 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 342 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 334 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 333 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Isogoyazensolide (123) |
4.4 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| goyazensolide (120) |
3.3 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Vernolide (123) |
|
Vernonia sp. |
Terpenes |
|
| ceramicines C (90) |
4.83 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Terpenes |
|
| Naphthoquinoid (204) |
0.15 |
Kigelia pinnata |
Quinones |
Inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport and respiratory chain by reduced oxygen consumption similar to that of atovaquone |
| artobiloxanthone |
6.9 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_84 |
|
Artocarpus rigidus |
Flavonoids |
|
| 7-demethylartonol E |
7.9 |
Artocarpus rigidus |
Xanthones |
|
| zizyberenalic acid (205) |
6.6 |
root bark of Ziziphus cambodianus Pierre (Rhamnaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| 3-O-vanillylceanothic acid (203) |
5.8 |
root bark of Ziziphus cambodianus Pierre (Rhamnaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Lupeol |
|
Vernonia brasiliana (L.) (hexane extract from leaves) |
Triterpene |
|
| Betulinic acid |
9.9 |
Triphyophyllum peltatum (Rt, Bk) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| flinderoles C (170) |
0.09 |
Flindersia ambionensis |
Alkaloid |
|
| Flinderole A (166) |
0.08 |
Flindersia acuminata |
Alkaloid |
|
| flinderoles B (169) |
0.09 |
Flindersia ambionensis |
Alkaloid |
|
| 4-acetoxyanthecotulide (107) |
|
Anthemis auriculata |
Terpenes |
specifically inhibited plasmodial FAS-II enzymes |
| 4-hydroxyanthecotulide (106) |
|
Anthemis auriculata |
Terpenes |
specifically inhibited plasmodial FAS-II enzymes |
| 4-Hydroxyanthecotulide (128) |
7.6 |
Anthemis auriculata Boiss. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Natantimal_3_163 |
5 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_166 |
5 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| exiguaflavanone B (159b) |
|
Artemisia indica |
Flavonoids |
flavonoids are shown to inhibit the influx of L-glutamine and myoinositol into infected erythrocytes. |
| holarrhesine (288) |
0.97 |
bark of Funtumia elastica Stapf (Apocynaceae) |
Alkaloid |
weak cytotoxicity (L-6 cellline) |
| holarrhetine (286) |
1.13 |
bark of Funtumia elastica Stapf (Apocynaceae) |
Alkaloid |
weak cytotoxicity (L-6 cellline) |
| sophoraflavanone G |
2.6 |
Sophora flavescens |
|
|
| leachianone A |
2.1 |
|
|
|
| (2S)-2'-methoxykurarinone |
2.4 |
Sophora flavescens |
|
|
| Exiguaflavanone A (159a) |
|
Artemisia indica |
Flavonoids |
flavonoids are shown to inhibit the influx of L-glutamine and myoinositol into infected erythrocytes. |
| Exiguaflavone A |
0.0108 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Exiguaflavone B |
0.0106 |
|
|
|
| Medicagenin |
0.8 |
Crotalaria medicagenia |
Flavonoids |
|
| abyssinin-III (77) |
5.2 |
Erythrina abyssinica. |
Flavonoids |
|
| 5-Prenylbutein (182) |
10.3 |
Erythrina abyssinica |
Chalcones |
|
| 5-deoxyabyssinin II |
13.6 |
Erythrina abyssinica |
Flavonoids |
|
| xanthohumol (153) |
8.2 |
hop |
Flavonoids |
|
| longistylin C |
19.2 |
Leaves Parthenocissus tricuspidata Planch. (Vitaceae) |
Stilbenes |
|
| Vogelin C |
6.6 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| heteroflavanone C |
1.31 |
Artocarpus champeden Spreng. (Moraceae |
Flavonoids |
|
| erystagallin A |
9 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| erythrabyssin II (32) |
6.5 |
Erythrina abyssinica |
Flavonoids |
|
| 6-prenylapigenin |
6.7 |
Cannabis sativa L |
Flavonoids |
|
| mangostin (49) |
4.1 |
Allanblackia monticola Mildbr. (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
|
| β-Mangostin |
|
Garcinia cowa (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| tovophyllin A (50) |
0.7 |
Allanblackia monticola Mildbr. (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
relatively low cytoxicity |
| butyraxanthones C_120 |
6 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| bartericin A (43) |
2.2 |
Dorstenia barteri var. subtriangularis (Engl.) Hijman & C.C |
Flavonoids |
|
| lespedezaflavanone B |
9.1 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| sophoronol E (18) |
12.8 |
Sophora mollis. |
Flavonoids |
|
| erybraedin A |
8.7 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| usararotenoid C |
25.8 |
Millettia usaramensis |
|
|
| Natantimal_6_ 255 |
1.1 |
Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
cytotoxicity toward the NC1-H187 cancer cell |
| lonchocarpol A |
3.9 |
Erythrina fusca Lour. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| lonchocarpol A (115) |
3.9 |
Erythrina fusca Lour. |
Flavonoids |
|
| 8-deoxygartanin (58) |
16 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Crotaramosmin |
3.24 |
Crotalaria ramosissima |
Chalcones |
|
| 7-O-Methylgarcinone E |
|
Garcinia cowa (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| allanxanthone C (47) |
1.3 |
Allanblackia monticola Mildbr. (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
|
| lapachol |
4.88 |
|
Quinones |
|
| morusin |
4.5 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| artonin E |
6.4 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Artoindonesianin R |
0.66 |
|
|
|
| cudraflavone B |
5.2 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Butyraxanthones B_119 |
6 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| heterophyllin |
1.04 |
Artocarpus rigidus Blume |
Flavonoids |
|
| cycloheterophyllin |
0.02 |
Artocarpus rigidus Blume |
Flavonoids |
|
| artonin A |
0.55 |
Artocarpus rigidus Blume |
Flavonoids |
|
| Heptaphylline |
|
Clausena harmandiana (Rt) |
Indole |
|
| butyraxanthones D_121 |
28 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| abyssinone-V (76) |
6.1 |
Erythrina abyssinica. |
Flavonoids |
|
| 5-hydroxysophoranone |
5.3 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Abyssinone-IV (75) |
7.7 |
Erythrina abyssinica. |
Flavonoids |
|
| Isoxanthochymol (81) |
2.2 |
roots of Garcinia polyantha Oliv |
Phenolics |
|
| 1,5-dihydroxy-3,6-dimethoxy-2,7-diprenylxanthone (254) |
7.25 |
|
Xanthones |
|
| 6-(3-Methylbut-2-enyl)-1,3-dihydroindol-2-one (1) |
|
Monodora and Isolona species (Annonaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| butyraxanthones A_118 |
6 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| smeathxanthone A (57) |
3 |
Garcinia polyantha |
Xanthones |
|
| Cowaxanthone |
|
Garcinia cowa (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| artoindonesianin A-2 |
1.31 |
Artocarpus champeden Spreng. (Moraceae |
Flavonoids |
|
| norcowanin (48) |
6.3 |
Allanblackia monticola Mildbr. (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
|
| Cowanin |
|
Garcinia cowa (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Cowanol |
|
Garcinia cowa (Bk) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Geranylgeraniol (129) |
3.7 |
leaves of Croton lobatus L. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
used in western Africa in traditional folk medicine to cure malaria, pregnancy troubles and dysentery (good selectivity >25) |
| Iridal (111) |
|
ris germanica L |
Terpenes |
cumulative effect on the main metabolic pathways of the parasite |
| 4-nerolidylcatechol |
0.67 |
Pothomorphe peltata |
|
|
| 4-Nerolidylcatechol (77) |
0.67 |
Pothomorphe peltata (L.) Miq. (Piperaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| (+) S-nerolidol (108) |
100%Schizonticidal |
seeds of Aframomum escapum; Artemisia herbaalba and in lemon grass |
Terpenes |
Arrest the development of the intraerythrocytic stages of the parasite. 100% growth inhibition at the schizont |
| geraniol (43) |
52 |
XXX |
Terpenes |
|
| betulafolientriol oxide (219) |
10.4 |
Salvia radula Epling (Lamiaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| ekeberins D5_22 |
137 |
Ekebergia capensis |
Terpenes |
|
| Guttiferone A (80) |
3.2 |
Symphonia globulifera L.f. (Clusiaceae) |
Phenolics |
|
| okundoperoxide (12) |
180 |
Scleria striatinux de Wild (syn. S. striatonux) |
Terpenes |
|
| Okundoperoxide (140) |
|
Scleria striatinux (Cyperaceae) |
Terpenes |
No significant toxicity against mammalian cells; Cameroonian folk medicine to treat malaria |
| isoimperatorin (62) |
2.7 |
roots of Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl. (Rutaceae) |
Coumarins |
|
| strychnopentamine (17) |
0.145 |
Strychnos usambarensis (Loganiaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Alstonerine |
9.67 |
Alstonia angustifolia (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 358 |
8.6 |
Cassia siamea (Leguminosae) |
Others |
No cytotoxicity (IC50 >100 μM) |
| chrobisiamone A (111) |
5.6 |
Cassia siamea, a Fabaceae species for Rx periodic fever and malaria in Indonesia |
Flavonoids |
|
| Chrobisiamone A (78) |
5.6 |
leaves of Cassia siamea Lam |
Phenolics |
|
| chelerythrine acetonate (248). |
5.7 |
Zanthoxylum flavum Vahl (Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Sipandinolide |
|
Siparuna andina (L) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| dukunolide C (225) |
9.6 |
Lansium domesticum Correa (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| norcaesalpinins D (170) |
2 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| 1,2-Di-O-acetyl-lycorine |
|
Brunsvigia littoralis (B) |
Alkaloid |
|
| ceramicine A (92) |
100.37 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Terpenes |
|
| mahonin (229) |
5.7 |
Chisocheton siamensis Craib (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| (À)-cis-3-Acetoxy-40 ,5,7-tri-hydroxyflavanone (160) |
|
Siparuna andina |
Flavonoids |
flavonoids are shown to inhibit the influx of L-glutamine and myoinositol into infected erythrocytes. |
| 1,2-di-O-acetyllycorine (18) |
|
Brunsvigia littoralis (Amaryllidaceae). |
Alkaloid |
|
| caesalmins C (174) |
3.4 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Cucurbitacin B (169) |
1.6 |
Cogniauxia podolaena (Cucurbitaceae) is traditionally used in Congo Brazzaville |
Terpenes |
High cytotoxicity |
| cucurbitacin B (216) |
2.9 |
Cogniauxia podolaena Baill. (Cucurbitaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| cucurbitacin B (93) |
2.9 |
Cogniauxia podolaena (Cucurbitaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Polyacetylenes 258 |
2.2 |
Cussonia zimmermannii |
Others |
|
| domesticulide B (114) |
|
seeds of Lansium domesticum Corr |
Terpenes |
|
| domesticulide B (221) |
6 |
Lansium domesticum Correa (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| 6-O-acetylswietenolide |
|
|
|
|
| vernangulide A (132) |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius |
Terpenes |
|
| vernangulide B (133) |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius |
Terpenes |
|
| 14(17)-dehydrocaesalmin F (178) |
0.2 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| anisomycin (264) |
4.6 |
Synthetics |
|
|
| Bonducellpins F (185) |
5.8 |
seed kernels of Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb. |
Diterpenes |
|
| Bonducellpins E (184) |
1.6 |
seed kernels of Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb. |
Diterpenes |
No cytotoxic against any of the tumour cell lines tested |
| rupicolin A-8-O-acetate (98) |
|
alga Laurencia obtusa |
Terpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins B (168) |
0.26 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins A (167) |
0.8 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| anthothecol (226) |
0.17 |
Khaya anthotheca C.DC. (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| azadiradione (224) |
6.4 |
Lansium domesticum Correa (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| azadirone (113) |
|
Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Bruceajavanin A |
|
|
Triterpenoid |
|
| Nimbinin |
|
Azadirachta indica (L) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| Gedunin |
|
|
Triterpenoid |
|
| 11-β-Acetoxygedunin |
|
Guarea multiflora |
Triterpenoid |
|
| neemfruitin A (114) |
|
Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Dihydrogedunin |
|
Guarea multiflora |
Triterpenoid |
|
| 7α-obacunylacetate (95) |
|
Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae), |
Terpenes |
|
| 7-alpha-obacunyl acetate (227) |
4 |
Entandrophragma angolense C.DC. (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Bonducellpins G (186) |
3.8 |
seed kernels of Caesalpinia bonduc L. Roxb. |
Diterpenes |
|
| caesalmins B (173) |
0.8 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| 17-O-acetyl,10-hydroxycorynantheol (10) |
5 |
Strychnos usambarensis |
Alkaloid |
high selectivity index |
| Natantimal_3_8 |
3 |
Distephanus angulifolius (Asteraceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 16-acetoxy-11-hydroxyoctadeca-17-ene-12,14-diynylethanoate (303) |
2.2 |
root bark of Cussonia zimmermannii |
Others |
|
| hapacutine E (7) |
3.79 |
Haplophyllum acutifolium |
Alkaloid |
|
| minquartynoic acid (8) |
|
Minquartia guianensis (Olacaceae). |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 341 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Evoxine (41) |
24.5 |
Teclea gerrardii (Rutaceae)harvested from Durban, South Africa |
Alkaloid |
|
| evoxine (18) |
24.5 |
stem bark of the African tree Teclea gerrardii(Rutaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Licochalcone A |
5.97 |
Glycyrrhiza L |
Chalcones |
potent inhibitor of protease activities |
| Natantimal_6_ 256 |
1.2 |
Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
cytotoxicity toward the NC1-H187 cancer cell |
| pestalactams A (215) |
25 |
endophytic fungus Pestalotiopsis sp |
Alkaloid |
|
| pantothenol (241) |
|
|
Others |
MOA involves competition with pantothenate, thus inhibiting the parasite’s pantothenate kinase |
| 3a,20-lupandiol (119) |
19.8 |
Grewia bilamellata |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroidal peroxides 95 |
7.13 |
Ciocalapata sp. (Halichondriidae) |
Terpenes |
cytotoxicity against human cells in a breast cancer; very little toxicity against human fibroblasts |
| 9-Isocyanopupukeanane |
|
Constit. of the secretions of molluscs Phyllidia varicosa, Phyllidia bourguini, Phyllidia pustulosa and isol. from sponges Hymeniacidon, Ciocalypta and Axinyssa sp. |
|
|
| 3-hydroxy-20(29)-lupen-28-ol (154) |
|
leaves of Schefflera umbellifera (Araliaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 5E,10(14)-germacradien-1β,4β-diol (128) |
1.63 |
Reneilmia cincinnata |
Terpenes |
|
| 1(10) E,5E-germacradien4α-ol (129) |
1.54 |
Reneilmia cincinnata |
Terpenes |
|
| Artoindonesianin F |
|
|
|
|
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_23 |
|
Artocarpus integer (Moraceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_182 |
15 |
Piper heterophyllum and P. aduncum |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_174 |
15 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_167 |
5 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_168 |
5 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_169 |
5 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 321 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 327 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 318 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 319 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 323 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 324 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 322 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 329 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_3_172 |
15 |
trunk latex of Moronobea coccinea (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 317 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 325 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 326 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 328 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_89 |
2.6 |
Sophora flavescens (Fabaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 320 |
2.1uM-10uM |
Symphonia globulifera (Clusiaceae) |
Others |
|
| 2'E,6'E 2-farnesyl hydroquinone (76) |
1.37 |
Piper tricuspe C.DC. (Piperaceae) |
Phenolics |
selectivity index suggests their high toxicity |
| Chefouxanthone (59) |
3 |
Garcinia polyantha |
Xanthones |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 257 |
1.3 |
Cratoxylum maingayi and Cratoxylum cochinchinense (Clusiaceae) |
Xanthones |
cytotoxicity toward the NC1-H187 cancer cell |
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_24 |
|
Artocarpus integer (Moraceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Natantimal_3_125 |
6 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_3_127 |
6 |
Pentadesma butyracea Sabine (Clusiaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| smeathxanthone B (58) |
3 |
Garcinia polyantha |
Xanthones |
|
| styracifolin B (87) |
1.12 |
root bark of Artocarpus styracifolius |
Flavonoids |
|
| Natantimal_10_flavonoid_85 |
|
Artocarpus rigidus |
Flavonoids |
showed some selectivity |
| 3-prenyloxyemodin anthrone (96) |
1.98 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| Natantimal_2_192 |
6 |
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
low degree of specificity towards the malaria parasite |
| dragonamide A (197) |
7.7 |
marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. |
Peptides |
|
| Bacilosarcin A |
2.2 |
octocoral-associated bacterium Bacillus sp. collected in Panama |
|
|
| artocarpin |
6.9 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| cycloartocarpin |
9.9 |
Artocarpus altilis (Parkinson) Fosberg (Moraceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| sugiol (133) |
1.4 |
dried fruits of Juniperus seravschanica Komarov (Cupressaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| (+)-8,11,13-abietatrien-12-ol |
#REF! |
Harpagophytum procumbens |
Diterpenes |
low cytotoxicity (SI > 65) against two mammalian cell lines (CHO and HepG2) |
| (+)-8,11,13-abietatrien-12-ol [Ferruginol] |
#REF! |
Harpagophytum procumbens |
|
|
| ferruginol (195) |
4.9 |
Juniperus procera Hochst. ex Endl. (Cupressaceae) berries |
Diterpenes |
cytotoxic |
| dehydroabietinol (131) |
25.6 |
Hyptis suaveolens |
Terpenes |
erythrocyte membrane modification.cytotoxicity was observed (IC50 = 28.0uM) |
| Natantimal_2_193 |
4.7 |
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
low degree of specificity towards the malaria parasite |
| Natantimal_2_190 |
5.3 |
Plectranthus species (Lamiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
low degree of specificity towards the malaria parasite |
| oplodiol (127) |
4.17 |
Reneilmia cincinnata |
Terpenes |
|
| Beauvericin (188) |
|
pathogenic fungus Paecilomyces tenuipes BCC 1614 |
Peptides |
|
| Hostmanin C |
68.4 |
Piper hostmannianum |
|
|
| Rugosal |
|
Rosa rugosa |
Sesquiterpenes |
|
| Hostmanin A |
101.27 |
Piper hostmannianum |
|
|
| Heptelidic acid(Avocettin) |
|
Metab. of Gliocladium virens, Anthostoma avocetta, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma koningii and Chaetomium globosum |
|
Inhibits biosynthesis of cholesterol. Shows antimalarial activity. Inhibits glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase |
| Robustadial A |
|
Eucalyptus robusta leaves |
|
|
| Robustadial A |
|
Eucalyptus robusta leaves |
|
|
| pipyahyine (52) |
3.7 |
Beilschmiedia zenkeri (Lauraceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| 2-(1-Hydroxyethyl)-naphtho[2,3-b]furan-4,9-quinone (7) |
|
Kigelia pinnata |
Quinones |
|
| Depudecin |
|
Metab. of Alternaria brassicicola, Xylaria spp. and Nimbya scirpicola |
|
|
| hookerianamide H (281) |
3.5 |
Sarcococca hookeriana Baill. (Buxaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| hookerianamide I (282) |
6.6 |
Sarcococca hookeriana Baill. (Buxaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Annonidine F |
|
Monodora and Isolona species (Annonaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 139 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 137 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 135 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| aigialomycin F (297) |
0.0109 |
Paecilomyces sp. (Trichocomaceae, fungus). |
Lactones |
|
| NDGA (37) |
7.7 |
Larrea tridentata |
Lignan |
cytotoxicity against L6 cells was 33.1 |
| Natantimal_6_ 140 |
|
mushroom Ganoderma lucidum (Polyporaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_steroid derivatives 99 |
|
Solanum nudum (Solanaceae) |
Terpenes |
decreased total glutathione and cysteine concentrations in P.falciparum |
| dragomabin (196) |
6 |
marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. |
Peptides |
|
| dragomabin (35) |
6 |
red Panamanian strain of the marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula |
Peptides |
|
| Carmabin A (195) |
4.3 |
marine cyanobacterium Lyngbya majuscula. |
Peptides |
displayed mild cytotoxicity to mammalian Vero cell line |
| Natantimal_6_steroid derivatives 96 |
|
Solanum nudum (Solanaceae) |
Terpenes |
increased total glutathione and cysteine concentrations in P.falciparum |
| 8a-(50-acetoxysenecioyloxy)-3-oxo-1-desoxy-1,2-dehydrohirsutinolide-13-O-acetate (119) |
5.5 |
leaves of Vernonia staehelinoidesMart. ex Baker (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
cytotoxic to mammalian Chinese Hamster Ovarian cells at similar concentrations. |
| (8R*)-8-bromo-10-epi-b-snyderol (95) |
|
alga Laurencia obtusa |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_5_237 |
|
Caralluma tuberculata |
Others |
|
| (Z,Z,Z)-9,12,15-Octadecatrienoic acid methyl ester (293) |
10.9 |
leaves of Croton lobatus L. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Others |
S1=18.4 |
| nodulisporacid A (56) |
10 |
marine-derived fungus Nodulisporium sp. |
|
|
| Natantimal_6_ 234 |
0.095 |
|
Peptides |
histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) |
| Natantimal_6_ 235 |
3.3 |
|
Peptides |
histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) |
| (+)-Gracilioether H |
3.3 |
|
oxygenated polyketides |
Gracilioethers A-C, antimalarial metabolites from the marine sponge Agelas gracilis.Reiko Ueoka |
| Gallinamide A (233) |
8.4 |
cyanobacteria Schizothrix sp. (Schizotrichaceae) |
Peptides |
cytotoxicity toward mammalian Vero cells (IC50 10.4 μM) |
| plakortone D (279) |
8.7 |
Indonesian sponge Plakortis cfr. Simplex (Plakinidae) |
Endoperoxides |
|
| Crambescidin 800 |
0.24 |
Mycophora sp. Sponge |
Alkaloid |
Similar compds are channel blockers or ATPase inhibitors |
| peroxyplakoric B3 ester (277) |
1.1 |
Indonesian sponge Plakortis cfr. Simplex (Plakinidae) |
Endoperoxides |
|
| bianthrone 1a (94) |
2.53 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| 2-geranyl-emodin (97) |
5.34 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| 8,11,17,21-tetramethyl-(E,E,E,E)-8,10,17,21-tetraentetracosanoic acid (294) |
9.1 |
leaves of Croton lobatus L. (Euphorbiaceae) |
Others |
S1>20 |
| 3-geranyloxyemodin anthrone (95) |
1.68 |
roots of Kniphofia foliosa Hochst. (Asphodelaceae). |
Quinones |
|
| Tyramine derivatives 250 |
38 |
marine octocoral Muricea austera |
Others |
|
| 6-(8’Z, 11’Z, 14’Z-heptadecatrienyl)-salicylic acid (197) |
13.3 |
Viola websteri (Violaceae) |
Others |
|
| sarcovagine C (284) |
3.4 |
Sarcococca hookeriana Baill. (Buxaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| alpha-peroxyachifolid |
|
Achillea millefolium |
Sesquiterpenes |
|
| isocentratherin (124) |
5.6 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| lychnophorolide A (121) |
0.8 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| lychnophorolide B (122) |
7.2 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| manadoperoxides A |
6 |
Indonesian sponge Plakortis cfr. Simplex (Plakinidae) |
Endoperoxides |
|
| naucleofficine A (278) |
9.7 |
stems (with bark) of Nauclea officinalis Pierre ex Pitard (Rubiaceae) |
Alkaloid |
no cytotoxic effect |
| Affinisine |
|
|
Alkaloid |
|
| Vobasine |
|
|
Alkaloid |
|
| Voachalotine |
|
|
Alkaloid |
|
| akuammidine |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| picraline |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| Vincamajine |
138 |
Stephania erecta (T) |
Alkaloid |
|
| 18-hydroxyisosungucine |
0.1 |
Strychnos icaja |
Alkaloid |
Active against CQ resistant strain |
| 10'-hydroxyusambarensine |
#REF! |
|
|
|
| Pleiocarpamine |
6.44 |
Alstonia angustifolia (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| akuammicine |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| nor-Fluorocurarine |
129 |
Alstonia angustifolia (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Isoretuline |
#REF! |
Strychnos icaja |
Alkaloid |
Reverses CQ resistant. |
| Bisnordihydrotoxiferine |
4.48 |
Strychnos icaja (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Isosungucine |
0.2 |
Strychnos icaja |
Alkaloid |
Active against CQ resistant strain |
| Sungucine |
10.139 |
Strychnos icaja (Rt) |
Alkaloid |
|
| akuammine |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| akuammiline |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| Villalstonine |
0.27 |
|
|
TOXICITY = 5-6uM |
| Macrocarpamine |
0.36 |
|
|
|
| Corialstonine |
|
Alstonia coriacea |
|
|
| Corialstonine |
|
Alstonia coriacea (Apocynaceae) |
|
|
| Guieranone A (301) |
4.1 |
roots of Guiera senegalensis J. F. Gmel |
Others |
High cytotoxicity towards human monocytes |
| isochavicol (238) |
14.2 |
volatile constituents of Daucus crinitus |
Phenolics |
|
| vermelhotin (59) |
10 |
unidentified fungus CRI247-01 |
|
|
| isochavicol isobutyrate (237) |
68.7 |
volatile constituents of Daucus crinitus |
Phenolics |
|
| Cerulenin(265) |
10.1 |
Synthetics |
|
|
| Methylangolensate |
#REF! |
|
Triterpenoids |
|
| D9-Kalihinol Y |
|
Acanthella sp. |
|
|
| Kalihinol A |
0.0000012 |
Acanthella sp. |
|
|
| 6-Hydroxyaplysistatin |
|
Constit. of Laurencia filiformis |
|
|
| isopimarane 132 |
24.6 |
Platycladus orientalis |
Terpenes |
indirect effect on the erythrocyte host cell because it incorporates into the lipid bilayer |
| 2a,3b-dihydroxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (212) |
8.6 |
Grewia bilamellata Gagnep. (Tiliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| (E)-8(17), 12-labddiene-15,16-dial (72) |
48 |
fruits and leaves of Aframomum latifolium or Aframomum sceptrum (Zingiberaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 337 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_10_ chromenes_22 |
|
Artocarpus integer (Moraceae) |
Chromenes |
|
| Clausarin |
|
Clausena harmandiana (Rt) |
|
|
| Dentatin |
|
Clausena harmandiana (Rt) |
|
|
| pyrenocoumarins 15_Dentatin |
|
Clausena harmandiana (Rutaceae) |
Coumarins |
|
| pyrenocoumarins 14 |
|
Clausena harmandiana (Rutaceae) |
Coumarins |
|
| kanzonol B |
9.6 |
Dorstenia barteri var. subtriangularis (Engl.) Hijman & C.C |
Flavonoids |
|
| 4-hydroxylonchocarpin (45) |
3.4 |
Dorstenia barteri var. subtriangularis (Engl.) Hijman & C.C |
Flavonoids |
|
| Crotin |
17.01 |
Crotalaria ramosissima |
Chalcones |
|
| Crotaramin |
16.92 |
Crotalaria ramosissima |
Chalcones |
|
| Barbigerone (19) |
27 |
Millettia usaramensis |
Flavonoids |
|
| 6a,12a-dehydromillettone |
33.3 |
Millettia usaramensis |
|
|
| deguelin (97) |
20 |
Tephrosia elata (Fabaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| glyasperin H |
33.3 |
Glycyrrhiza aspera |
Flavonoids |
|
| shinpterocarpin |
6.6 |
Erythrina sacleuxii |
Flavonoids |
|
| shinpterocarpine (31) |
8.3 |
Erythrina sacleuxii |
Flavonoids |
|
| cycloartobiloxanthone |
8.5 |
Artocarpus rigidus Blume |
Flavonoids |
|
| Cycloartobilo-xanthone |
3.7 |
Artocarpus nobilis and Artocarpus teysmanii |
Xanthones |
|
| obovatin (98) |
20 |
Tephrosia elata (Fabaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| melosmine (257) |
10.4 |
Rollinia pittieri Saff. and Pseudomalmea boyacana |
Alkaloid |
|
| cucurbitacin D (217) |
7.8 |
Cogniauxia podolaena Baill. (Cucurbitaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| cucurbitacin D (94) |
7.7 |
Cogniauxia podolaena (Cucurbitaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 7-deacetoxy-7-oxogedunin (96) |
6 |
Ekebergia capensis |
Terpenes |
efficacy against the chloroquine-resistant K-1 strain |
| 7-deacetyl-7-oxogedunin (231) |
4.1 |
Pseudocedrela kotschyi Harms (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Nimocinol |
|
Azadirachta indica (L) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| 7-deacetylgedunin (230) |
3.1 |
Pseudocedrela kotschyi Harms (Meliaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Myrtenal |
20 |
Amomum krervanh (St) |
Terpenes |
5-50uM |
| Myrtenol |
20 |
Amomum krervanh (St) |
Terpenes |
5-50uM |
| trans-Pinocarveol |
20 |
Amomum krervanh (St) |
Terpenes |
5-50uM |
| soyasapogenol B (207) |
10 |
Erythrina subumbrans Merr. (Leguminosae) |
Triterpene |
|
| epi-oleanolic acid (214) |
0.039 |
Viola verecunda |
Triterpene |
|
| 3beta-hydroxy-glutin-5-ene |
31 |
Garcinia cymosa |
Terpenes |
Cytotoxicity was evaluated at an IC50 of 6.9 |
| Artanomaloide B |
|
Artemisia anomala |
|
Farnesyl-protein transferase inhibitor |
| Aframodial (71) |
25 |
fruits and leaves of Aframomum latifolium or Aframomum sceptrum (Zingiberaceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 5-epi-isogoyazensolide (125) |
4.4 |
Camchaya calcarea Kitam. (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Digitolutein (217) |
|
Morinda lucida (Stbk, Rtbk) |
Quinones |
|
| Quinone methides 203 |
0.027 |
roots of Salacia kraussii. |
Quinones |
|
| Quinone methides 202 |
0.094 |
roots of Salacia kraussii. |
Quinones |
|
| Isoiguesterin (100) |
|
Salacia madagascariensis (Celastraceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 28-Hydroxyisoiguesterin |
|
|
Triterpenoids |
|
| 28-Hydroxyisoiguesterin |
|
|
Triterpenoid |
|
| Celastrol |
|
Salacia kraussii (Rt) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| Pristimerin |
|
Salacia kraussii (Rt) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| Pristimerin |
|
|
|
|
| 20-epi-isoiguesterinol (101) |
|
Salacia madagascariensis (Celastraceae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 20-epi-isoiguesterinol (211) |
0.16 |
roots of Garcinia polyantha Oliv |
Triterpene |
|
| Isoiguesterol |
|
Salacia kraussii (Rt) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| Isoiguesterol |
|
|
|
|
| bauhinoxepin I (84) |
10.5 |
Bauhinia purpurea L. (Leguminosae). |
Quinones |
|
| Bruceolide |
|
|
|
|
| Bruceine B |
|
|
|
|
| Bruceine C |
|
|
|
|
| Bruceantin |
|
|
|
|
| Brusatol |
|
|
|
|
| Bruceine A |
|
|
Quassinoids |
|
| Preracemosol A |
|
Bauhinia malabarica |
|
|
| De-O-methylracemosol |
|
Bauhinia rufescens |
|
|
| demethylracemosol (221) |
|
Bauhinia malabarica |
Others |
were cytotoxic against KB and KC cell lines |
| Racemosol (220) |
|
Bauhinia malabarica |
Others |
were cytotoxic against KB and KC cell lines |
| harunganol B (102). |
3.7 |
root bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. (Clusiaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| demethoxymatteucinol |
9.5 |
Bauhinia purpurea L. (Leguminosae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| harunganin (100) |
2.7 |
root bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. (Clusiaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| Bielschowskysin (138) |
|
octocoral Pseudopterogorgia kallos |
Terpenes |
|
| mollicellins E_300 |
7.2 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| 5, 7-dimethoxy-8-methyl-flavanone |
19.8 |
|
Flavonoids |
|
| Ellipticine |
0.073 |
Aspidosperma vargasii |
|
|
| 5-hydroxy-6-methoxyonychine (185) |
11.4 |
Mitrephora diversifolia (Annonaceae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| harmaline (96) |
|
Peganum harmala |
|
|
| scutianthraquinones C_137 |
4 |
bark of Scutia myrtina (Rhamnaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| Scutianthraquinones B_136 |
7.9 |
bark of Scutia myrtina (Rhamnaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| aloesaponarin I (139) |
4 |
bark of Scutia myrtina (Rhamnaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| mollicellins J_304 |
12.2 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| 12,16-dideoxy aegyptinone B (147) |
|
roots of Zhumeria majdae |
Terpenes |
|
| 12,16-dideoxy aegyptinone B (86) |
4.7 |
Zhumeria majdae Rech. f. & Wendelbo (Lamiaceae) |
Quinones |
mild cytotoxicity towards cancer cell lines |
| aegyptinone B (142) |
4.7 |
Zhumeria majdae (Labiateae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| mollicellins M_303 |
8.6 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| Artanomaloide D |
|
Artemisia anomala |
|
|
| Nimbinic acid |
#REF! |
|
Triterpenoid |
|
| Nimbolide |
#REF! |
Guarea multiflora |
Triterpenoid |
|
| Α-Cyperone (226) |
|
Cyperus rotundus (T) |
Naphthalene |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 339 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 340 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 332 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 338 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 344 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 345 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| caesaldekarin C (110) |
|
root bark of Caesalpinia volkensii from Kenya |
Terpenes |
|
| caesaldekarin E (175) |
4 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| norcaesalpinins C (169) |
5 |
CH2Cl2 extract of Caesalpinia crista L. |
Diterpenes |
|
| (S)-(+)-curcuphenol (68) |
16.5 |
Jamaican sponges Didiscus oxeata, Didiscus flavus |
Terpenes |
|
| mollicellins K_301 |
7 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| mollicellins L_302 |
3.1 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| mollicellins C_299 |
22 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| mollicellins B_298 |
12.3 |
Chaetomium brasiliense (Chaetomiaceae) |
Others |
in vitro cytotoxicity against KB, BC1, and NCI-H187 cells |
| Diospyrin (4) |
|
Diospyros montana, |
Quinones |
|
| Emodin (143) |
4 |
Cassia siamea L. (Fabaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| 10-epi-uveoside (231) |
5.1 |
Picramnia antidesma |
Others |
|
| uveoside (230) |
5.1 |
Picramnia antidesma |
Others |
|
| Natantimal_5_207(Bulbineloneside D) |
|
Bulbine frutescens |
Quinones |
|
| knipholone (208) |
|
Bulbine frutescens |
Quinones |
|
| isoknipholone (87) |
0.28 |
Bulbine frutescens Willd. (Asphodelaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| 7,1 0-coupled 5 0-O-demethyl-ent-dioncophylleine A (268) |
8.6 |
Ancistrocladus benomensis Rischer & G.Bringmann |
Alkaloid |
|
| 7,1'-coupled ent-dioncophylleine A (267) |
10.5 |
Ancistrocladus benomensis Rischer & G.Bringmann |
Alkaloid |
|
| Delaumonones A (101) |
0.6 |
Laumoniera bruceadelpha (Simaroubaceae) |
Terpenes |
cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells (3.1uM) |
| Delaumonones B (102) |
1.2 |
Laumoniera bruceadelpha (Simaroubaceae) |
Terpenes |
cytotoxicity against HL-60 (4.6uM) |
| Pycnidione (242) |
0.37 |
marine fungi |
Others |
|
| Cedronin |
|
Simaba cedron (St, Bk) |
Quassinoids |
|
| Eurycomanone |
|
Eurycoma longifolia |
Quassinoids |
|
| Ailanthone (148) |
|
Ailanthus altissima |
Quassinoids |
cytotoxic properties of the quassinoids are possibly due to protein synthesis inhibition,and it is likely that parasite and host cell ribosomes are too similar to allow for the development of selective inhibitors. |
| Bruceine D |
|
|
|
|
| Gutolactone |
|
|
Quassinoids |
|
| isobrucein A (103) |
0.05 |
Laumoniera bruceadelpha (Simaroubaceae) |
Terpenes |
cytotoxicity against HL-60 cells (IC50 = 0.01 μM) |
| Pasakbumin B |
|
Eurycoma longifolia |
Quassinoids |
|
| Samaderines B |
|
|
|
|
| Samaderines Z |
0.071 |
Quassia indica (St) |
Quassinoids |
|
| Samaderines E |
0.21 |
Quassia indica (St) |
Quassinoids |
|
| 2-Methylnaphthazarin (225) |
5.79 |
Nepenthes thorelii (Rt) |
Quinones |
|
| Plumbagin (224) |
0.27 |
Nepenthes thorelii (Rt) |
Quinones |
|
| Natantimal_5_211 |
6.68 |
fungus Xylaria sp |
Quinones |
|
| xylariaquinone A |
6.68 |
Isol. from Xylaria sp. PBR-30 |
|
|
| Mustakone (105) |
0.64 |
Cyperus articulatus L. (Cyperaceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
|
| Gomphostenin (65) |
114.9 |
Gomphostemma niveum |
Terpenes |
|
| Gomphostenin-A (66) |
9.8 |
Gomphostemma niveum |
Terpenes |
|
| Marcanine A (103) |
10.5 |
Polyalthia viridis Craib (Annonaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| Eurycomanol |
2 |
|
Quassinoids |
Resistant CQ Plasmodium |
| Eurycomanol-2-O-β- D -glucopyranoside |
1 |
|
Quassinoids |
|
| (-)-Methyllinderatin(183) |
5.64 |
Piper hostmannianum |
Chalcones |
|
| (–)-Methyllinderatin (40) |
5.6 |
Leaves of Piper hostmannianum C.DC. var. berbicense (Piperaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| (-)-methyllinderatin |
5.64 |
Piper hostmannianum |
Flavonoids |
|
| linderatone(41) |
10.3 |
Leaves of Piper hostmannianum C.DC. var. berbicense (Piperaceae) |
Flavonoids |
|
| tatridin A or tavulin (107) |
1.5 |
Oncosiphon piluliferum (L.f.) Kallersjo (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
toxic to mammalian cells at similar concentrations |
| Tanachin (108) |
1.5 |
Oncosiphon piluliferum (L.f.) Kallersjo (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
toxic to mammalian cells at similar concentrations |
| caucanolide B (140) |
|
Pseudopterogorgia bipinnata. |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 336 |
0.3 to 56 μM |
red alga Callophycus serratus (Solieriaceae) |
Others |
|
| 3 beta-acetoxyoleanolic acid (59) |
17 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| 7,8'-linked dioncophylleine D (269) |
1.3 |
Ancistrocladus benomensis Rischer & G.Bringmann |
Alkaloid |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 357 |
4.7 |
Cassia siamea (Leguminosae) |
Others |
No cytotoxicity (IC50 >100 μM) |
| cassiarin A (245), |
0.0235 |
Cassia siamea Lam. (Leguminosae) |
Alkaloid |
|
| feruginin A (99) |
5 |
root bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. (Clusiaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| lobatin B (90) |
16.51 |
Neurolaena lobata (Wp) |
Terpenes |
|
| Tagitinin C |
|
Tithonia diversifolia |
Sesquiterpenes |
|
| tagitinin C (139) |
|
aerial parts of Tithonia diversifolia |
Terpenes |
|
| isoborreverine (167) |
0.09 |
Flindersia acuminata |
Alkaloid |
|
| ridentin (79) |
15.3 |
Artemisia gorgonum (Asteraceae) collected in Fogo, Cape Verde islands |
Terpenes |
weak cytotoxicity in a vero cell line (IC50 = 285.9 ± 15.7 μM) |
| hanphyllin (112) |
9.7 |
Leaves and flowers of Artemisia gorgonum(Asteraceae) collected in Fogo, Cape Verde |
Sesquiterpene |
weakly cytotoxic to the Vero cell line (IC50 = 111.9 mM) |
| Sivasinolide (106) |
9.8 |
Oncosiphon piluliferum (L.f.) Kallersjo (Asteraceae) |
Sesquiterpene |
toxic to mammalian cells at similar concentrations |
| (-)-limonene (47) |
66 |
XXX |
Terpenes |
|
| iguesterin |
|
Salacia kraussii (Rt) |
Triterpenoid |
|
| dolabellanes 49 |
9.4-59.6 |
Eunicea species Caribbean octocoral |
Terpenes |
|
| Natantimal_6_ 271 |
9.2 |
South Pacific marine sponges of the genus Xestospongia (Petrosiidae) |
Quinones |
farnesyltransferase inhibitor |
| harmine (95) |
|
Peganum harmala |
|
|
| 1-methyl-␦-carboline |
1.5 |
Marinactinospora thermotolerans, a deep sea isolate. |
Alkaloid |
|
| Salinosporamide A (45) |
0.0115 |
marine actinomycete Salinispora tropica |
Peptides |
in vivo (ca. 90 % reduction in parasitemia at 130 μg/kg |
| isopinnatal (205) |
0.25 |
Kigelia pinnata |
Quinones |
Inhibition of mitochondrial electron transport and respiratory chain by reduced oxygen consumption similar to that of atovaquone |
| ceramicines D (91) |
5.06 |
Chisocheton ceramicus |
Terpenes |
|
| (-)-scopadulcic acid A (SDA, 128) |
19 |
Scoparia dulcis |
Terpenes |
inhibition of H+-ATPase pumps present in the plasma membrane and food vacuole of the parasite. |
| oidiolactone 82 |
0.1 – 8 |
Fungus Sclerotinia homoeocarpa |
Terpenes |
showed high cytotoxicity |
| alisaquinol (55) |
|
New Caledonian deep-water sponge |
Xanthones |
Inhibit Pfnek-1 and a protein farnesyl transferase (PFT) |
| Atisinium chloride (203) |
3.6 |
Aconitum orochryseum |
Alkaloid |
|
| xestoquinone (212) |
1.1 |
marine sponge, Xestospongia |
Quinones |
inhibited Pfnek-1 |
| Xestoquinone (51) |
3 |
Marine sponge Xestospongia collected in Vanuatu in South Pacific |
Xanthones |
most potent and the most abundant Pfnek-182 inhibitor. Cytoxicity against MCF7 cells with an IC50 value of 20 μM. but it only exhibited weak in vivo activity at 5mg/kg |
| cerin (55) |
16 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Anhydrolycorin-6-one |
|
Brunsvigia radulosa (B) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Friedelan-3-one (208) |
7.7 |
bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. |
Triterpene |
|
| friedelin (52) |
16 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| canophyllal (54) |
15 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| canophyllol (53) |
17 |
Endodesmia calophylloides (Guttiferae) |
Terpenes |
|
| Quercitrin |
0.002 |
Dacryoedes edulis (Burseraceae) |
|
Cytotoxicity, >100ug/ml; selectivity index, >44 |
| Afzelin |
|
Dacryoedes edulis (Burseraceae) |
|
|
| 3'' - O - trans - Cinnamoyl - astilbin |
4.6 |
Andira inermis |
Flavonoids |
|
| Engelitin |
21.7 |
Andira inermis |
Flavonoids |
|
| buddlejasaponin III (180) |
24.5 |
Scrophularia cryptophila |
Others |
did not possess any cytotoxicity on mammalian L6 cells even at high concentrations |
| Rutin |
7.1 |
Hydrangeae dulcis folium |
Flavonol glycosides |
|
| caseargrewiins C (144) |
5.2 |
bark of Casearia grewiifolia Vent. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| trioxacarcins D_236 |
|
marine Streptomyces sp. isolate B8652 BCC 5149 |
Others |
|
| trioxacarcins A_235 |
|
marine Streptomyces sp. isolate B8652 BCC 5149 |
Others |
|
| (+)-veraguensin (16) |
8.3 |
Illicium floridanum (Illiciaceae) |
Lignan |
23 |
| calopeptin (70) |
10.7 |
Nectandra megapotamica |
Lignans |
no cytotoxicity |
| calopeptin (21) |
|
Nectandra megapotamica |
Lignan |
|
| Pasakbumin C |
|
Eurycoma longifolia |
Quassinoids |
|
| 2' -epicycloisobrachy-coumarinone epoxide (213) |
54 |
Vernonia brachycalyx |
Quinones |
|
| Malagashanine |
|
Strychnos myrtoides (Stbk) |
Alkaloid |
no intrinsic anti-malarial activity, have been shown to reverse chloroquine resistance in in vitro tests with P. falciparum |
| Phaseolinone |
|
Constit. of Macrophomina phaseolina. Prod. by Xylaria sp. (Ascomycota), Phoma exigua var. inoxydabilis and Drechslera gigantea |
|
Shows antimalarial and cytotoxic activity |
| obtusafuran |
8.7 |
Dalbergia louvelli |
|
|
| Neosergeolide (220) |
0.002 |
Picrolemma sprucei Hook.f. (Simaroubaceae) |
Triterpene |
|
| Nanaomycin A |
|
Prod. by Streptomyces rosa and a Nocardia sp. |
|
|
| Strychnobrasiline |
|
Strychnos myrtoides (Stbk) |
Alkaloid |
no intrinsic anti-malarial activity, have been shown to reverse chloroquine resistance in in vitro tests with P. falciparum |
| fagraldehyde (25) |
116 |
Fagraea fragrans (Gentianaceae) collected in Cambodia |
Terpenes |
|
| venturamide A (193) |
8.2 |
marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. |
Peptides |
|
| venturamides A |
8.2 |
Panamanian Oscillatoria sp.. |
Peptides |
mild cytotoxicity to mammalian Vero cells (IC50 = 86 μM) |
| venturamide B (194) |
5.6 |
marine cyanobacterium Oscillatoria sp. |
Peptides |
displayed mild cytotoxicity to mammalian Vero cell line |
| venturamides B |
5.6 |
Panamanian Oscillatoria sp.. |
Peptides |
mild cytotoxicity to mammalian Vero cells (IC50 = 56 μM) |
| Aerucyclamide D |
6.3 |
cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa PCC 7809 |
Peptides |
large selectivity for the parasite with respect to the L6 rat myoblast cell line, where an IC50 value of 122 |
| 6α,7β-diacetoxyvouacapane |
0.019 |
Bowdichia nitida (Fabaceae) |
Sesquiterpenes |
good selectivity index . cytotoxicity on COLO201 cells, >250uM |
| Briarellins_134 |
|
Briareum polyanthes. |
Terpenes |
|
| conessine (287) |
1.04 |
bark of Funtumia elastica Stapf (Apocynaceae) |
Alkaloid |
weak cytotoxicity (L-6 cellline) |
| alstonine (15) |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| akuammigine |
|
Picralima nitida growing in Nigeria |
Alkaloid |
|
| Ajugarin-1 (126) |
23 |
aerial parts of Ajuga remota, |
Terpenes |
|
| caseargrewiins A (142) |
5.5 |
bark of Casearia grewiifolia Vent. (Flacourtiaceae) |
Diterpenes |
|
| Bazouanthrone (98) |
1.8 |
root bark of Harungana madagascariensis Poir. (Clusiaceae) |
Quinones |
|
| jasplakinolide (190) |
|
marine sponge Jaspis sp |
Peptides |
appears to interfere with the erythrocyte invasion by the merozoites |
| Jaspamine/Jasplakinolide |
|
Nippostrongylus braziliensis |
|
|
| Ophiobolin A |
|
Cochliobolus heterostrophus |
Terpenes |
|
| manadoperoxides D |
5 |
Indonesian sponge Plakortis cfr. Simplex (Plakinidae) |
Endoperoxides |
|
| manadoperoxides C |
5 |
Indonesian sponge Plakortis cfr. Simplex (Plakinidae) |
Endoperoxides |
|
| aigialomycin B (295) |
7 |
Paecilomyces sp. (Trichocomaceae, fungus). |
Lactones |
|
| Aigialomycin D |
|
Aigialus parvus BCC 5311 |
|
|
| Aigialomycin D (225) |
|
marine mangrove fungus Aigialus parvus BCC 5311 |
Others |
|
| Aschernaphthopyrone A (262) |
7.3 |
Insect pathogenic fungus Aschersonia paraphysata |
Xanthones |
|
| O-methylancistrocladinine (26) |
|
Ancistrocladus tanzaniensis |
Alkaloid |
|
| korupensamine A |
|
Ancistrocladus korupensis |
|
|
| Korupensamine A |
|
Ancistrocladus likoko |
Alkaloid |
presence of free hydroxy groups is essential for potency |
| Ancistrolikokine B |
|
ANCISTROCLADUS LIKOKO (ANCISTROCLADACEAE) |
Alkaloid |
|
| Ancistrolikokines B |
|
Ancistrocladus likoko |
Alkaloid |
presence of free hydroxy groups is essential for potency |
| 5,1 -O,N-dimethylancistrocladine (27) |
|
Ancistrocladus tanzaniensis |
Alkaloid |
|
| ancistroealaine_B |
|
Ancistrocladus ealaensis |
Alkaloid |
oxygen function at C-6 |
| Ancistrolikokine A |
|
ANCISTROCLADUS LIKOKO (ANCISTROCLADACEAE) |