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Possible regulators of gene regulation during commitment and gametocytogenesis |
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Josling GA, Williamson KC, Llinás M. Regulation of Sexual Commitment and Gametocytogenesis in Malaria Parasites. Annu Rev Microbiol. 2018 PMID: 29975590. |
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PfID |
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Annotation |
Evidence |
Other notes |
EC |
Transcript |
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Epigenetic factors |
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| 30717 |
PF3D7_0624600 |
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iswi chromatin-remodeling complex atpase |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) and upregulated in response to LysoPC depletion |
Localizes to central area of nucleus |
3.6.4.12 |
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| 30718 |
PF3D7_0801900 |
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lysine-specific histone demethylase, putative |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) |
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1.4.3.4 |
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| 30719 |
PF3D7_0935400 |
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gametocyte development protein 1 |
A naturally occurring deletion leads to loss of gametocyte formation, and overexpression leads to increased gametocytogenesis |
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| 30720 |
PF3D7_1008000 |
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histone deacetylase 2 |
Knockdown leads to derepression of the ap2-g locus and increased commitment |
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3.5.1.98 |
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PF3D7_1104200 |
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chromatin remodeling protein |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) and upregulated in response to LysoPC depletion |
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| 30721 |
PF3D7_1104200 |
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chromatin remodeling protein |
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| 30721 |
PF3D7_1104200 |
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chromatin remodeling protein |
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| 30732 |
PF3D7_1472200 |
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histone deacetylase, putative |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) |
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3.5.1.98 |
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Transcription factors |
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| 30715 |
PF3D7_0604100 |
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SPE2-interacting protein transcription factor with AP2 domain(s) |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (AP2-G-DD only) and transcript stabilized in gametocytes
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Involved in heterochromatin formation |
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| 30716 |
PF3D7_0613800 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor, putative |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (NF54 only) and upregulated in response to LysoPC depletion
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| 30722 |
PF3D7_1139300 |
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ap2 domain transcription factor ap2-g5, putative |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) |
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| 30723 |
PF3D7_1143100 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP2-O |
Upregulated/stabilized in gametocytes |
Disruption results in strongly reduced numbers of ookinetes (P. berghei) |
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| 30725 |
PF3D7_1222400 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (both AP2-G-DD and NF54) and upregulated in response to LysoPC depletion |
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| 30726 |
PF3D7_1222600 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP-G |
Naturally occurring mutations, disruption, or knockdown prevents gametocyte formation. Overexpression leads to increased commitment |
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| 30727 |
PF3D7_1317200 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP2-FG |
transcription factor with AP2 domain(s) |
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| 30729 |
PF3D7_1408200 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP2-G2 |
Disruption leads to greatly reduced gametocyte numbers (in P. berghei and P. yoelii) |
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| 30730 |
PF3D7_1429200 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP2-O3, putative |
Upregulated in gametocytes |
Disruption is possible, but no phenotype has been described |
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PF3D7_1466400 |
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AP2 domain transcription factor AP2-SP/EXP |
Upregulated in AP2-G+ cells (AP2-G-DD only) |
Involved in regulating clonally variant gene families (P. falciparum), required for sporozoite formation (P. berghei) |
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| 30731 |
PF3D7_1466200 |
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homeodomain-like protein HDP1 |
Identified as a DNA-binding protein, first expressed in gametocytes, that enhances the expression of key genes critical for early sexual differentiation. |
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Posttranscriptional regulators |
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| 30713 |
PF3D7_0417100 |
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mRNA-binding protein PUF2 |
Disruption leads to increased numbers of gametocytes, as Puf2 translationally represses gametocyte transcripts |
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| 30714 |
PF3D7_0518700 |
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mRNA-binding protein PUF1 |
Disruption leads to decreased numbers of mature gametocytes |
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| 30728 |
PF3D7_1347500 |
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DNA/RNA-binding protein Alba 4 |
Disruption leads to fewer centers of movement (i.e., less exflagellation) (in P. yoelii) |
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PF3D7_1220900 |
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heterochromatin protein 1 |
HP1 is enriched at the ap2-g locus, and knockdown leads to derepression of the locus and increased commitment |
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Abbreviation: |
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LysoPC, lysophosphatidylcholine. |
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a Genes shown either have a gametocyte phenotype upon depletion or disruption or are upregulated in AP2-G-expressing cells or gametocytes. Other studies that indirectly influence expression of ap2-g also identify possible regulators, but because these rep |
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Drugs affecting pathway with unknown specific target