| Lipid composition of RBC, trophozoites and gametes |
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| Tran PN, Brown SH, Rug M, Ridgway MC, Mitchell TW, Maier AG. Changes in lipid composition during sexual development of the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Malar J. 2016 6;15:73. PMID: 26852399; |
| Content (nmol / 109 cells, Mean ± SD) and percentage (in parentheses) of the lipid classes and major lipid species of the blood-stage P. falciparum infected red blood cells. Parasites were enriched with higher than 95% parasitemia by magnet purification and global lipidomics of whole-cell extracts were analysed by mass spectrometry. uRBC, uninfected red blood cell; I-V, gametocytes stage I to V; n.d., not detected. |
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Gametocyte stage |
| Lipid |
uRBC |
Trophozoite |
I |
II |
III |
IV |
V |
| Phospholipids |
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| phosphatidylcholine |
181 ± 27 (23) |
741 ± 240 (34) |
995 ± 17 (36) |
967 ± 46 (30) |
1060 ± 33 (26) |
1179 ± 80 (23) |
1265 ± 71 (24) |
| phosphatidylethanolamine |
86 ± 14 (11) |
425 ± 150 (20) |
501 ± 25 (18) |
557 ± 11 (17) |
671 ± 11 (17) |
766 ± 52 (15) |
553 ± 45 (11) |
| phosphatidylserine |
4.3 ± 6.7 (4.3) |
79.7 ± 32.6 (3.7) |
85.7 ± 2.6 (3.1) |
71.3 ± 5.9 (2.2) |
88.2 ± 3.9 (2.2) |
76.0 ± 2.8 (1.5) |
49.4 ± 3.7 (1.0) |
| phosphatidylglycerol |
0.2 ± 0.2 (0.0) |
58.5 ± 25.0 (2.7) |
36.2 ± 1.0 (1.3) |
24.9 ± 1.6 (0.8) |
25.5 ± 3.4 (0.6) |
18.0 ± 2.0 (0.4) |
14.3 ± 0.8 (0.3) |
| Sphingolipids |
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| sphingomyelin |
89 ± 15 (11) |
52.2 ± 18.1 (2.4) |
108.4 ± 5.4 (3.9) |
151.7 ± 3.1 (4.8) |
255 ± 20 (6.3) |
346 ± 32 (6.8) |
362 ± 11 (7.0) |
| ceramide |
4.9 ± 0.6 (0.6) |
5.5 ± 3.3 (0.3) |
6.8 ± 0.1 (0.2) |
7.8 ± 0.2 (0.2) |
12.2 ± 1.2 (0.3) |
15.1 ± 1.5 (0.3) |
18.1 ± 1.1 (0.3) |
| Cholesterol |
366 ± 62 (47) |
410 ± 9 (19) |
579 ± 51 (21) |
823 ± 68 (26) |
1195 ± 81 (30) |
1473 ± 16 (29) |
1518 ± 16 (29) |
| Neutral lipids |
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| cholesteryl esters |
2.9 ± 1.1 (0.3) |
n.d. |
44.8 ± 3.3 (1.6) |
109.6 ± 2.1 (3.4) |
132.1 ± 6.8 (3.3) |
256 ± 17 (5.0) |
308 ± 15 (5.9) |
| diacylglycerols |
16 ± 2 (2.0) |
319.4 ± 100 (15) |
346.3 ± 3.8 (13) |
392 ± 19 (12) |
538 ± 44 (13) |
796.2 ± 5.2 (16) |
926 ± 46 (18) |
| triacylglycerols |
4.7 ± 0.4 (0.6) |
59 ± 22 (2.7) |
60.3 ± 3.2 (2.2) |
81 ± 21 (2.5) |
66.0 ± 4.8 (1.6) |
178 ± 20 (3.5) |
159 ± 14 (3.1) |
| Total lipids |
784 ± 125 |
2151 ± 576 |
2763 ± 38 |
3186 ± 26 |
4043 ± 145 |
5103 ± 43 |
5172 ± 59 |
| Cholesterol / Phospholipids |
1.22 |
0.31 |
0.34 |
0.47 |
0.57 |
0.62 |
0.68 |
| Lipid metabolites |
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| Tewari SG, Swift RP, Reifman J, Prigge ST, Wallqvist A. Metabolic alterations in the erythrocyte during blood-stage development of the malaria parasite. Malar J. 2020 Feb 27;19(1):94. PMID: 32103749 |
| Lipid subclass |
Nmetabolites |
Percentage of each lipid subclass, fIDC (σ) |
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| Sphingomyelin |
4 |
93.7 (0.61) |
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| dhSM |
2 |
4.19 (0.19) |
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| Ceramide |
2 |
0.64 (0.04) |
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| LacCer |
1 |
0.07 (0.01) |
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| Lyso PtdCho |
3 |
1.10 (0.82) |
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| Lyso PtdEth |
3 |
0.31 (0.03) |
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| Lyso PtdIns |
2 |
0.02 (0.01) |
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| Nmetabolites number of metabolites within each subclass, fIDC average percentage of a subclass synthesized during the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC), σ standard deviation, dhSM dihydrosphingomyelin, LacCer lactosylceramide, PtdCho phosphatidylcholine, PtdEth phosphatidylethanolamine, PtdIns phosphatidylinositol |
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